Armenian

The Language of Survival: Ani’s Story of Culture, Connection, and Coming Home

Reading Time: 6 minutes

Anahid — or Ani, as she likes to be called — is a Lebanese-Armenian Language Partner at NaTakallam, teaching Armenian to students all over the world. Seeking refuge has shaped her family history, starting with her grandparents, who fled the Armenian Genocide in 1915 and rebuilt their lives in Lebanon, where Ani herself was born and raised.

In 2020, facing growing instability in Lebanon, Ani decided to return to Armenia — her ancestral homeland. What started as a temporary trip turned into a new beginning, one that eventually brought her to NaTakallam. Today, we’re sharing Ani’s story of resilience and re-start — and how language and culture have enabled her to preserve the essence of Armenia long before she could call it home again.

"Language is at the core of any culture. It plays a great role in preserving the identity – influencing music, poetry, literature and all of the arts. Language is the main tool that struggles against assimilation.” - Anahid Dakessian

An Armenian Story of Resilience

Anahid’s name carries meaning: inspired by the Armenian goddess of fertility, healing, and wisdom. Born and raised in Beirut, Lebanon, those qualities — healing and rebirth — were deeply woven into the Armenian community around her. A community that had survived genocide and was committed to preserving a culture that had almost been erased.

They appeared in the smallest, everyday things. Her grandparents, originally from Adana (modern-day Turkey), only spoke Armenian to their children — even if someone in the community spoke in Turkish, their reply would always be in Armenian. Her parents, both born in Lebanon, learned the language of their hosts but never strayed from speaking Armenian at home.

Ani grew up in this tight-knit world: Armenian schools, churches, theaters, scouting associations, charity and healthcare centers — all within Lebanon. In the early 1930s, Armenians in Lebanon had began building Armenian institutions and organize a community life. Armenian became the main language of expression in schools. Turkish and Kurdish were banned from homes.

“It was amazing to witness that we had the freedom of religious expression and could maintain our culture, far away from home,” she recalls.

Despite Lebanon being her birthplace, Ani always considered Armenia her sacred homeland — a feeling shared by many Armenians born in the diaspora. Language, for her, was more than just communication; it was survival. Whenever new words entered global vocabulary, especially around technology, the Armenian community would always seek the proper Armenian term rather than mixing in English or French, as is common in Lebanon.

Eventually, Ani made it her mission to teach her language at an Armenian school in Beirut, instilling in a new generation of a community that makes up 4% of Lebanon’s population the significance and importance in honoring their identity. Her job as a teacher even gave her the chance to visit Armenia on school trips with her students, deepening her sense of connection to the homeland she loved.

Returning Home and Finding NaTakallam

“It was only supposed to be a 15-day trip to Armenia for summer, to visit my two sons who were studying at Yerevan’s Conservatory,” Ani remembers.

But 2020 had different plans. Lebanon’s worsening economic crisis and the devastating Beirut port explosion destroyed the lives and futures of many — Ani’s included. What began as a short visit turned into a permanent move.

For Ani the decision to start over wasn’t easy, but it was necessary. At first, she continued teaching remotely at her school in Lebanon, like many educators during the pandemic. With time, she started teaching at a local Armenian school. Her new job offered her both stability and purpose, though it also came with new challenges. For the first time, she was fully immersed in Eastern Armenian — the dialect spoken in Armenia — rather than the Western Armenian she had grown up with in Lebanon.

Even though she was fluent in both dialects, she grew up with the Western Armenian dialect – living and speaking Eastern Armenian daily was something new. “Conjugation is different from Western Armenian, but the root is the same: for example, Armenians in Lebanon say geh seerem (I love), while in Armenia people say seeroom em. It’s basically like the difference between Egyptian and Lebanese Arabic,” she explains.

Discover The Nuance of Eastern & Western Armenian Dialects with a NaTakallam Language Partner.

She also noticed how the Armenian spoken in Armenia often borrowed Russian words, reflecting the country’s Soviet past — another cultural layer to adapt to. But despite the challenges, Ani felt at peace. And after her first year, she had fully embraced her new life. She felt like she had reached home.

This is also when NaTakallam entered the picture.

“Online teaching had become more normal during COVID, and I was intrigued by the chance to continue pursuing my dream job, teaching, with new tools,” she says.

For the first time, she found herself teaching Armenian to non-Armenians from all over the world, as well as helping members of the diaspora reconnect with their heritage. One of her most touching memories is of a 70-year-old Armenian-American woman who, after a lifetime of not speaking the language, wanted to finally learn and reconnect with her roots — with Ani’s help.

Through NaTakallam, Ani realized the beauty of making Armenian accessible to anyone, anywhere.

And to anyone interested in learning, she always offers the same advice: “No better way to experience the language and culture than to visit Armenia.”

Home is Where Your Family Is

When asked if she would ever return to Lebanon — the place where she grew up, spent most of her life, and still has friends and connections — Ani’s answer is clear.

“You know, I will always love visiting Lebanon, and I do it regularly. But to me, the feeling of home is very simple: home is where I live, where the people I love are.”

She shares an Armenian reference to explain what she means: in Armenian, Danik means “roof” or shelter, while Endanik means “family.” The words sound almost the same — because, to Ani, family is the roof over your head. It’s what makes a place feel like home.

For the past five years, she and her husband have lived in Yerevan, close to one of their sons who is now married and settled there. Her younger son lives in London, and Ani hopes that one day, they will all be reunited under the same “roof.”

A woman of culture, resilience, and reinvention — Ani embodies the Armenian spirit. Like the nation she belongs to, she stands tall in the face of hardship, always holding onto her roots and her identity.

And it’s no surprise that a common Armenian saying is: “Our spirit is unbreakable and our will is unwavering.

Want to immerse yourself in Armenian culture and language from native speakers like Anahid? Book a session with one of NaTakallam’s expert tutors and connect with a community that brings language and culture to life.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR: Zeina Abou Taha is an intern at NaTakallam, currently transitioning from a career in IT consulting into journalism. With an academic background in Entrepreneurship & Innovation and a passion about exploring the world, Zeina spends her free time traveling, connecting with people from diverse cultures, and writing for her personal blog.

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Graphic with bold text reading “Refugee Misconceptions” over a torn paper design in red and white. NaTakallam’s logo appears in the top left corner.

Breaking Through Media Bias: The Truth About Refugees and Deportation

Reading Time: 5 minutes

“We are facing the biggest global migration crisis of our time, and the current global resettlement and humanitarian systems are broken.”

These words from Aline Sara, CEO and co-founder of NaTakallam, reflect a troubling truth. In just over a decade, the global refugee population has tripled. Today, 1 in every 69 people worldwide is forcibly displaced.

But becoming a refugee is not a choice. It’s a last resort.

Leaving your home, your family, your memories behind – often with little more than a bag and a name – is never an easy decision. Yet, refugees are often reduced to numbers and treated as liabilities, stripped of their stories and humanity.

At NaTakallam, we believe in telling a different story. One that centers dignity, potential, and shared humanity.

This article addresses two prevalent media biases and offers facts, context, and lived experiences to challenge these misconceptions. Because shifting the narrative doesn’t just help refugees – it helps build stronger, more empathetic societies for all.

Media Bias #1: “Refugees are a burden to society.”

What we say: Refugees and displaced individuals are not only human beings worthy of dignity and respect, but also active contributors to our societies – bringing skills, knowledge, languages, and cultures that enrich our communities.

Too often, media and political discourse dehumanize refugees, portraying them as threats or burdens. But research shows that the real problem is perception, not reality.

Between 2005-2019 alone, refugees in the U.S. have contributed more in taxes than they received in public assistanceamounting to a net fiscal benefit of over $120 billion.

Yet more than half of the 36.4 million refugees registered by UNHCR in 2023 live in countries that restrict access to legal work. This is a missed opportunity, especially at a time when labor shortages are hitting many economies hard. 

Mainstream media often fails to highlight refugees’ positive impact or amplify their voices – instead, it reinforces dominant narratives rooted in fear and misinformation. For instance, a study by Columbia University analyzing refugee-related media coverage found a strong focus on perceived threats, whether to cultural identity or national security.

This skewed portrayal drives division and populism: In fact, the strongest support for anti-immigration policies in countries like the USA and across Europe often comes from areas with the least contact with refugees. The less we know, the easier it is to dehumanize.

But understanding starts on a personal level. Refugees aren’t a monolith. They’re educators, builders, parents, students, and dreamers. And most of them never wanted to leave in the first place. A study highlighted by The Jordan Times, for instance, found that over 80% of surveyed Syriansa group among the largest displaced populations globally – expressed a desire to return home when it’s safe.

NaTakallam was born from this understanding in 2015. As more Syrians sought refuge in Lebanon, they faced impossible barriers to participation: no legal work, no path to inclusion. Our social enterprise offered a solution – allowing them to earn income by teaching languages and sharing their culture with learners around the world.

We’ve since worked with 850+ Language Partners from conflict-affected regions who, beyond their hardships, bring resilience, insight, and skills. They contribute meaningfully to global classrooms and companies. And they reshape perceptions every day.

We need to stop seeing refugees as a single, faceless group. Each individual brings unique experiences and strengths that can enrich our societies. And the data is clear: diverse teams perform better.

Media Bias #2: “Deportations must be executed at all costs.”

What we say: Mass deportations are neither sustainable – nor humane.

In the name of national security and economic stability, some political voices push for sweeping deportation measures. But the reality is far more complex.

Because deportations aren’t just policies on paper. They are people, pulled from their communities, from jobs they’ve held for years, from children they’ve raised. In the U.S. alone, 5.1 million American children live with at least one undocumented parent. For these families, every knock on the door can mean the start of a nightmare: a breadwinner gone, a family torn apart, a future thrown into uncertainty.

Studies show that this limbo – the fear of deportation – causes profound mental health impacts: anxiety, depression, PTSD, and self-harm, also among children.

And while the emotional cost is immeasurable, the financial one isn’t far behind. A CBS investigation estimated it would cost the country $88 billion to deport just 1 million people a year. In addition to that, around $1.7 trillion in projected GDP loss are expected due to the removal of essential workers in industries like construction, agriculture, and hospitality.

Despite these facts, the imagined security threat behind these policies has never been consistently backed by evidence. What it does create is trauma, loss, and social fragmentation. 

And the execution and effectiveness of deportations is far from functional: countries often refuse to receive returnees. Enforcement personnel lack adequate language and cultural training. Detention conditions are frequently inhumane, especially for pregnant women, LGBTQ+ individuals, and other vulnerable groups.

At NaTakallam, we see the impact of displacement every day. That’s why we launched our Refugee Voices sessionslive, online conversations that connect displaced individuals with classrooms, workplaces, and communities around the world. These sessions don’t just educate – they humanize. They replace fear with connection, and stereotypes with understanding.

Because a society without immigrants doesn’t mean more safety. It means less exchange and understanding, less innovation, and less of the humanity that makes us whole.

So, how can you support?

In a world where the protection of vulnerable people and the strength of diverse, welcoming communities can no longer be taken for granted, each of us has a role to play.

Whether it’s:

•  Welcoming newcomers into your community,
• 
Challenging media bias and misinformation,
• 
Supporting refugee-led organizations,

…every action matters.

And if you want to directly support refugee livelihoods, consider bringing NaTakallam into your classroom, office, or home. Through language learning, cultural exchange, and professional translation services, you can help create meaningful opportunities and connection.

Whether you’re interested in Arabic, Armenian, French, Kurdish, Persian, Russian, Spanish, or Ukrainian, our native-speaking Language Partners are here to guide you on your linguistic journey. Book your free trial here.

Looking for group options? Explore our Refugee Voices language learning and cultural competency sessions for your community, classroom or workplace. 

ABOUT THE AUTHOR:  Zeina Abou Taha is an intern at NaTakallam, currently transitioning from a career in IT consulting to journalism. With an academic background in entrepreneurship and innovation, and a passion for exploring the world, Zeina spends her free time traveling, connecting with people from diverse cultures, and writing for her personal blog.

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Three people engaged in conversation while entering a building through a glass door, with one person holding a maroon NaTakallam tote bag displaying the organization's logo and tagline 'We Speak.' The background setting is an urban street, with parked cars.

Top Ways Language Training & Cultural Exchange Boost Enterprise Growth

Reading Time: 3 minutes

In today’s interconnected global economy, workplaces thrive when they integrate diverse perspectives, leverage multilingual skills, and promote cultural exchange. As companies compete internationally, initiatives like language training and cultural exchange not only enhance employees’ capabilities but also foster inclusivity, supporting broader Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) efforts.

NaTakallam’s programs provide organizations with the opportunity to make a broader social impact by supporting displaced individuals. By integrating cultural and language learning into workplace development, businesses can promote inclusivity and global understanding

Language Training: Empowering a Global Workforce

In a global environment, employees are often required to navigate multilingual and multicultural landscapes. Offering language training equips employees with the tools to reach their full potential, collaborate across cultures, and boost revenues. Additionally, research shows that over 70% of employees say workplace learning opportunities increase their engagement and productivity. Multilingual employees can help companies enter new markets, strengthen relationships with international clients, and improve internal communication within global teams.

NaTakallam builds customizable language training in over nine languages – including Arabic, Armenian, English, French, Kurdish, Persian, Russian, Spanish and Ukrainian – all delivered by expert instructors with native knowledge. Our language teaching integrates real-time feedback with asynchronous learning options, allowing students to study effectively at their own pace. NaTakallam’s programs also address all skill levels as well as industry-tailored content, ensuring that every team member, from sales to technical staff, receives relevant language training.

Join organizations like Ben & Jerry’s in bringing NaTakallam’s language learning to your workforce and build more globally competent teams while supporting conflict-affected communities.

Cultural Exchange: Driving Inclusion and Innovation

Cultural exchange drives innovation in the workplace by breaking down stereotypes, introducing new perspectives and cultivating competencies for problem-solving harmoniously across differences.

NaTakallam’s Refugee Voices sessions offer teams the chance to engage in meaningful dialogue with individuals who have firsthand experience of displacement and resilience. These sessions open the door to a deeper understanding of global issues, providing insights into topics such as:

      • Personal stories of life on the move and starting anew

      • How refugees are leveraging technology for humanitarian impact

      • The role of art, music, food, and poetry in preserving culture across borders

      • Career rebuilding after displacement

      • The experiences of women, girls, and gender minorities in navigating displacement

      • Unique perspectives on social justice, human rights, and refugee activism

    For companies committed to DEI and CSR goals, these cultural learning sessions offer valuable opportunities for personal and professional growth, while also contributing to social impact by directly supporting displaced communities.

    Join organizations like UNHCR and Business Council for International Understanding in bringing NaTakallam’s Refugee Voices to your workforce and build more inclusive teams while supporting displaced communities.

    Building Inclusive Teams through Global Perspectives

    Diversity, multilingualism, and cultural exchange are no longer optional; they are essential to building a successful enterprise in today’s interconnected world. As businesses increasingly operate across borders, the need for culturally competent and globally-minded teams is critical. By fostering understanding across cultures and languages, companies can strengthen collaboration, boost innovation, and improve employee engagement.

    Why Invest in Global Competence?

    Language training and cultural exchange are more than just tools for individual growth – they drive company-wide success by fostering cohesive teamwork, enhancing cross-border collaboration, and opening a world of new opportunities.

    NaTakallam’s language training and Refugee Voices sessions are designed to build inclusive, globally adept teams while supporting a mission-driven enterprise model. By equipping employees with the tools to communicate across cultures and languages, organizations position themselves to thrive in today’s global economy and achieve lasting success.

    If you are interested in exploring new linguistic and cultural opportunities for your team, whilst also making a social impact, discover the breadth of NaTakallam’s services for enterprises. Work alongside our highly qualified instructors from displaced and conflict-affected communities. Book a session today!

    ABOUT THE AUTHOR: Lenora Dsouza is an intern at NaTakallam and is currently pursuing her Masters degree in International Security at Sciences Po Paris. She is passionate about learning new cultures through travelling and language.

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    Powerful Language Learning Tips From The Refugee Olympic Team

    Reading Time: 5 minutes

    For sports fans around the world, the leading international competition is here: The 2024 Summer Olympic Games in Paris, France. From July 24 to August 11, athletes from across the globe are showcasing their talent and hard work through various sporting events and competitions.

    Among them is the Refugee Olympic Team, representing extraordinary strength of character, the spirit of overcoming adversity, and hope for over 120 million forcibly displaced people. Established in 2015 by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) to support potential elite athletes affected by the global refugee crisis, the 10-member team that debuted at the Rio 2016 Games has grown to 37 athletes in Paris this year.

    The stories of these world class athletes offer powerful lessons for us all – including our community of language learners – showing us that training for sports and mastering a new language are more similar than you think!

    Let’s take a look at lessons we can learn from Olympic athletes to accelerate our language learning…

    Lessons from the Refugee Olympic Team for Language Learners

    1. Motivation

    Growing up in Damascus, Yusra Mardini trained in swimming with the Syrian Olympic Committee, and represented her country internationally in 2012. However, at age 16, the Syrian Civil War forced her to flee home and undertake the dangerous migrant route across the Mediterranean Sea on an overcrowded boat. The crossing made global headlines when Yusra and three other strong swimmers spent over three hours pulling their dinghy and fellow passengers to safety after the boat’s motor failed and it started taking on water.

    But Mardini’s journey had only begun. Overcoming almost impossible odds, she went on to compete in the first Refugee Olympic Team at Rio 2016. Throughout this pursuit, Mardini openly expressed her personal mission, “to help others better understand the plight of refugees; that ultimately all they are seeking is safety and opportunity.” Yusra Mardini’s dedication to raising awareness about refugees drove her success, illustrating how a strong personal mission can lead to extraordinary achievements.

    Although Mardini is not competing in the Paris 2024 Games, she continues to support the Refugee Olympic Team as a UNHCR Goodwill Ambassador. You can learn more about her story in the BAFTA-nominated film The Swimmers.

    Language Learning Tip: When learning a new language, find your “why.” A personal motivator will help you stay committed, even when learning feels tough, by providing a larger purpose.

     2. Consistency

    It is important to put in the time and effort to consistently exercise the skills needed for success. Iman Mahdavi, a refugee from Iran, is competing in wrestling at the 2024 Olympic Games. He talks about training in the gym in the outskirts of Milan, where he is now based after fleeing his home country. The gym has become his second home as he commits to a consistent and rigorous training schedule.

    Language Learning Tip: Find your own “training gym,” that second home where you feel comfortable putting in regular practice, fostering consistent progress in your language learning.

    3. Managing Breaks and Burnout

    Iranian-born Dina Pouryounes won her first international taekwondo medal while living in an asylum center in the Netherlands in 2015. Now competing in her second Olympics in Paris 2024, Pouryounes emphasizes learning from past experiences without succumbing to pressure. In her words, “I gained experience from my first Olympic Games. I noticed my errors and worked on them. I want to be the best version of myself and be proud and happy of what I did in the competition. I am training to get the best result and to be able to appreciate all those efforts.”

    Language Learning Tip: Acknowledge your progress to avoid burnout. As you are learning a new language, there will come moments when fluency – or even proficiency – seems impossible. Pouryounes shows the importance of balancing hard work and realistic expectations to avoid crushing pressure. When facing challenges, take a step back, reflect on your growth, and return to training with a positive mindset.

    4. Enjoyment and Play

    Training and competing for a title win is challenging, but it can also be fun. Adnan Khankan – originally from Syria and now based in Germany – is making his Olympic debut in judo with the mindset of a winner. Khankan believes in enjoying the journey as much as the competition. His positive attitude reminds us that enjoying what you do is one of the most important aspects of achieving success!

    Language Learning Tip: Incorporate play into your learning. Engage in games, puzzles, and popular culture in your target language to inspire curiosity, maintain interest and enhance retention. Whether it’s Arabic jeopardy, French bingo, or singing along to your favorite Spanish songs – you can learn in ways that best suit you with the expert guidance of NaTakallam’s native-speaking Language Partners.

    With NaTakallam, Go for Gold in Your Language Learning

    This summer, why not take inspiration from the Olympics beyond the excitement of the games? Just as athletes train rigorously to excel in their sports, you can channel that same dedication into your language learning journey.

    Connect with a NaTakallam Language Partner today. These experts bring not only language proficiency but also the resilience and unique perspectives gained from overcoming the challenges of forced displacement. Imagine having a coach who motivates you with the same discipline, reward, and enjoyment found in the sports we admire – a true champion in guiding you through your language learning adventure.

    NaTakallam offers language learning options in Arabic, Armenian, English, French, Kurdish, Persian, Russian, Spanish, and Ukrainian – powered by native Language Partners from conflict-affected, displaced and refugee backgrounds.

    Learn a language, make a friend and support the livelihoods of forcibly displaced persons – from the comfort of your home.

    ABOUT THE AUTHOR: Sabrina Salam is an intern at NaTakallam. She is currently doing legal work supporting refugees and migrants. She loves to hike, write stories, and learn languages!

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    5 Reasons Why Language Learning Boosts Your Mental Health

    Reading Time: 5 minutes

    May is Mental Health Awareness Month, a time to highlight the profound impact of mental well-being practices. We know that #mentalhealthmatters  – the hashtag has over 13 million posts on Instagram! As a language learning and cultural exchange social enterprise, powered by the talents of displaced and conflict-affected individuals, we believe in the transformative power of language learning — not just as a cognitive exercise but as a vital tool for enhancing mental health. Let’s explore how learning and teaching languages can benefit both learners and educators.

    The Mental Health Benefits of Language Learning

    Language learning offers numerous mental health advantages. It can significantly reduce stress, alleviate social anxiety, boost self-esteem, and improve problem-solving skills. According to research, it even delays the onset of dementia, making it a powerful tool for cognitive health.

    1. Enhancing Focus and Reducing Stress & Anxiety

    When you’re focusing on a specific task, it relaxes the nervous system. Learning a new skill gives us a sense of purpose and growth. A team of Harvard researchers found evidence that active learning is actually a more effective stress management technique than passive relaxation.

     2. Combating Depression

    Practicing a new language can help distract from negative thoughts and help you feel less isolated. The practice enables you to build social connections, and provide manageable goals, all of which are crucial in combating symptoms of depression.

    3. Overcoming Social Anxiety

    Language learning helps individuals deal with mistakes and learn how to respond to feedback. By practicing speaking with a language partner, you develop and strengthen social skills. In time, you will become more comfortable meeting new people. Still afraid to speak your target language? Try some of these tips

    4. Boosting Self-Esteem

    Achieving proficiency in a new language provides a sense of accomplishment that enhances self-worth.

    5. Delaying Cognitive Decline

    Language learning helps delay mental decline like Alzheimer’s and dementia. Studies suggest that it can delay the onset of Alzheimer’s by up to four years!

    “A different language is a different vision of life.”

    Frederico Fellini

    The Unique Role of Refugee Teachers

    NaTakallam’s refugee tutors play a crucial role, not only in educating others but also in benefiting themselves through the process of teaching. Here’s how language teaching aids their mental health and integration:

    1. Self-Confidence and Empowerment

    Teaching their native language allows refugee tutors to regain a sense of agency and self-worth. They feel empowered as they share their knowledge and cultural heritage with others.

    2. Building Social Connections

    By engaging with learners, refugee teachers build meaningful relationships, reducing feelings of isolation and fostering a sense of community.

    3. Easier Emotional Expression & More Accurate Diagnosis

    Teaching offers a structured way for refugees to process their experiences and traumas, which can be therapeutic. Afaf Doumani, a behavioral health navigator, emphasizes the importance of communication in mental health. She notes that speaking in one’s mother tongue allows for better articulation of emotions and more accurate diagnoses.

    4. Cultural Exchange and Integration

    Teaching their language helps refugees integrate into their new communities by bridging cultural gaps and promoting mutual understanding.

    5. Gainful employment and a Dignified Income

    Through NaTakallam, displaced and conflict-affected individuals are able to gain economic and social access regardless of location and status. 60% of our Language Partners report NaTakallam as their sole source of income.

    “Language at its core is centered around people. Language learning by its nature is opening doors to new experiences.”

    Kinda, Arabic Language Partner from Syria with NaTakallam since 2021

    A Conversation with Afaf Doumani

    Afaf Doumani, a Palestinian mental health professional with extensive experience working with refugees, underscores the critical role of language in mental health. With a master’s degree in social work and a background in developmental studies, Afaf has dedicated her career to supporting displaced individuals. She recalls her motivation to study mental health after witnessing the trauma of refugees following the Syrian conflict’s influx into Toledo, Ohio in the United States.

    Afaf highlights several challenges refugees face, including the stigma around mental health in their native regions and the significant language barriers that prevent them from seeking help. “Mental health relies heavily on communication—more than physical health. Articulating emotions and sharing personal experiences are crucial for accurate diagnoses,” Afaf explains.

    “Language is the essence of mental health. Explaining your feelings in your mother tongue is always easier—you can speak your heart. It’s about having someone who understands your culture and can help you articulate your emotions accurately.”

    Afaf Doumani

    Working with the National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI) Afaf focuses on MENA populations, emphasizing the need for mental health professionals who speak the native languages of their clients. She points out that the lack of such professionals often leads to mistrust in therapy interpretation sessions, where unfamiliarity with the interpreter can hinder effective communication. “Deprivation of communication undermines their wellbeing. I’m often the only Arabic-speaking person in the mental health field helping navigate and connect them to services,” she says. 

    Afaf’s efforts extend to facilitating support groups for women and children, addressing cultural barriers, and promoting the importance of seeking help. “It’s about breaking the barriers and reminding people that it’s okay to ask for help. We meet them where they are, socializing and building trust,” she emphasizes.

    Restoring Dignity & Celebrating Expression Builds Trust

    Language learning is a powerful tool for mental health, offering numerous benefits for learners and refugee teachers alike. As we celebrate Mental Health Awareness Month, let’s recognize and embrace the dual impact of language learning: fostering cognitive and emotional well-being for learners while enabling displaced and conflict-affected teachers to express themselves, become more integrated in their communities, maintain and reaffirm their sense of dignity and unique cultural identity and build trust. 

    Gain more insights and learn how to Stop Being Afraid to Speak and overcome your fear of utilizing your new language skills in our blog.

    NaTakallam also offers Arabic for Professionals. This unique program created in-house by qualified Language Partners from conflict-affected backgrounds is a curriculum designed specifically for students looking to apply their Arabic language skills to their careers – from medical and humanitarian work, to journalism and business – and beyond.

    Learn a language, make a friend and support the livelihoods of forcibly displaced persons – from the comfort of your home.

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    The Hidden Languages of Flowers

    Reading Time: 5 minutes
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    As spring unfolds, the fragrant beauty of the season draws us in. We take walks in nature. For the more ambitious, we plant gardens. For the less ambitious, we carefully select bouquets to brighten our living spaces. But flowers are much more than merely decorative. For centuries, cultures around the world have looked to flowers, and their significance is far-reaching. Flowers are sacred. Flowers are inspiration. Flowers are hope. This spring, let’s take a brief botanical tour and explore the many languages of flowers in different cultures.

     

    Armenia and the Forget-Me-Not

    անմոռուկ [anmoṙuk]

    The Armenian Genocide of 1915 – known by Armenians as Medz Yeghern (the great crime) or Aghet (catastrophe) –  resulted in the deaths of as many as 1.2 million Armenians. In 2015, the purple forget-me-not flower or anmoṙuk (անմոռուկ) became the official emblem in observance of the Armenian genocide. The black center of the flower represents the dark past while the light purple petals represent the unity of today’s Armenian communities worldwide. Five dark purple petals paint the future and illustrate the five continents where Armenian genocide survivors resettled. Finally, the golden inner area symbolizes light and hope. And it’s not just flowers that shed light on the hope that runs through Armenian culture – learn more about it and discover the richness of Armenian folk dances to dig deeper.

     

    Egypt and the Blue Lotus

    نيلوفَر [nilufar] 

    Once scattered along the shores of the Nile River in Ancient Egypt, the blue lotus is known by many names, including the blue water lily and the sacred lily. The ancient roots of the lotus flower or nilufar (نيلوفر) are unmistakable, as it is frequently depicted on tomb walls and other ancient Egyptian artwork. The blue lotus even appears on King Tutankhamen’s tomb! This flower is also associated with numerous Egyptian deities, such as Osiris and Ra. Additionally, the flower has psychoactive properties and was once used to treat insomnia and anxiety. Truly, many flowers have a special place in the Arabic language. For example, moonflower or ya [q]amar (يا قمر) has long been used as a romantic term of endearment.

     

    France and Lavender 

    lavande 

    Lavender has long been lauded for its homeopathic benefits. The harvesting of lavender in Provence (a region in the south of France, particularly known for its fields of lavender) is a source of regional pride and centuries-long tradition. Small farms harvest the crop for use in perfumes, oils, soaps, and more. If you find yourself in France between mid-June and mid-August, it is well worth your while to visit a lavender field in full bloom. From Les Lavandes de Champelle in the hilltop town of Sault to the sacred silence of Abbaye Notre-Dame de Sénanque, experience une rêverie mémorable

     

    Iran and the Damask Rose

    گل محمدی [gol-e Mohammadi] or گل سرخ [gol-e sorkh]

    From perfume to medicine, rose water has many uses. Iran’s annual Rose Water Festival in Kashan attracts visitors from Iran and the world over. Named for the Syrian city of Damascus where Europeans stumbled across the flower during the Middle Ages, this flower is thought to have its origins in central Asia and Iran. Thus, the flower holds a special place in Persian culture. Every spring the Kashan county of Iran is blanketed in soft, velvety roses. During the festival, thousands of pounds of gol Mohammadi (گل محمدی) or Mohammadi rose are picked to distill into rose water. The centuries-old distillery process known as golab-giri involves boiling the rose petals for hours in copper pots. So, whether you wish to soothe a sore throat or sample the Persian sweet faloodeh, this festival is not to be missed. Planning to attend? Learn how to introduce yourself and start with ‘hello’.

     

    Palestine and the Poppy

    شقائق النعمان  [shaqeeqah an-nu’mān]

    A national flower of Palestine, the poppy or shaqeeqah an-nu’mān (شقيقة النعمان) grows abundantly in fields during the springtime. Not surprisingly, it represents the relationship between Palestinians and their land. Additionally, this flower is steeped in history, signifying bloodshed from wars. As a result, the poppy appears frequently in Palestinian art and literature. Flowers and other nature-inspired motifs are also on display in Palestinian embroidery work or تطريز (taTriiz). Now more than ever, the poppy takes on special significance. On December 15th, artists and activists created an installation of more than 20,000 red paper poppies in front of the New York Stock Exchange, each poppy laid in remembrance of a Palestinian life lost. 

     

    Russia and Lily of the Valley

    Ландыш [landysh]

    Lily of the Valley or landysh (Ландыш) was a favorite flower of Tsarina Alexandra Feodorovna. In fact, Feodorovna and Nicholas II once gifted Queen Alexandra a Lily of the Valley Fabergé egg cast in gold, and embedded with diamonds and pearls. The flower is also found in the Russian legend of Sadko when Lilies of the Valley grew out of tears shed by his spurned lover the sea princess Volkhova. This legend is depicted in the 1898 opera Sadko by Rimsky- Korsakov. Want to learn more about Russia’s rich cultural history? Try a language lesson with one of our native instructors for free!  

     

    Kurdistan and the Daffodil

    nergiz

    The daffodil or nergiz can be found spilling from the streets of the Kurdistan region every January through April. This cheerful yellow and white flower is a symbol of spring and is an important part of the Kurdish holiday of Newroz, which is the Kurdish New Year. Friends and family enjoy gifting these flowers to their loved ones. In this way, the daffodil, which is also a symbol of Kurdish nationalism, is a token of one’s affection. It’s no wonder that this flower features prominently in traditional Kurdish clothing, as well as traditional Kurdish tattooing or deq.

     

    Ukraine and the Sunflower

    Соняшник [soniashnyk]

    Sunflowers – or soniashnyk in Ukrainian – have grown in Ukraine since the mid-18th century. The pervasiveness of the sunflower is undeniable. From sunflower seeds as a popular snack to profitable sunflower oil exports, the sunflower has become an unofficial national symbol. Most significantly, it has been a longstanding symbol of peace. When Ukraine gave up nuclear weapons in 1996, sunflowers were planted in celebration at the Pervomaysk missile base. 

     

    Venezuela and the Orchid

    Flor de Mayo

    Also known as Flor de Mayo, the orchid is the national flower of Venezuela. In fact, this flower actually inspired the construction of Venezuela’s pavilion at the 2000 World Fair Expo in Hanover. Venezuelan architect Frutas Vivo designed The Flor de Venezuela or the Flor de Hanover. The structure consists of 16 huge petals that open and close. (Each petal measures at least 33 feet or 10 meters long!) After the Expo, the famed Flor was moved in stages to Barquisimeto in northwest Venezuela. Want to delve deeper? Try a Refugee Voices session with our Venezuelan Language Partners.

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    endangered languages by continent and status

    Language Endangerment and How to Fight It

    Reading Time: 6 minutes

    In a world characterized by linguistic diversity, each language serves as a unique expression of culture, identity and heritage. However, the numbers of speakers of some languages are declining; these “mother tongues” are not being taught anymore. When this happens, the language becomes “endangered.” These endangered languages are at risk of disappearing forever, taking with them centuries of cultural wisdom, knowledge and tradition. Happily, we now have a better understanding of how and why this happens and what we can do to prevent it.

    Sometimes it is debatable whether a language is actually endangered or not, as this topic is studied by different branches of social science such as linguistics and anthropology, and the experts don’t always agree. However, there are common characteristics and guidelines to identify vulnerable languages. Being informed on this topic is important to help us all work to preserve the cultural heritages these languages are associated with.

    The languages that we often classify as “endangered” are often spoken by indigenous or minority communities around the globe, and they are at risk of disappearing as their speakers either pass away or transition to using other languages that have higher prestige, more social advantages (such better job or migration opportunities) or are imposed or favored by a government, institution or educational system. The next generations become bilingual, speaking both the community language and the favored language, but at some point they tend to pass on only the favored language to their own children.

    When a language no longer has any native speakers, it is considered a “dead language.” If this language is not spoken even as a second language, it is classified as an “extinct language.” Even if a dead language is still studied through recordings or written materials (as for example with Latin or Ancient Greek), it is still considered extinct unless there are proficient speakers. While there are over 7,000 languages in the world today, experts expect 1,500 of them to be gone by the end of this century.

    This bar chart, courtesy of Wikimedia Commons, shows UNESCO’s count of languages spoken on each continent and their endangerment status as of 2019.

    While languages have always been dying through human history, the current rate of decline has accelerated due to factors such as globalization, mass migration, cultural assimilation, imperialism, (neo)colonialism, and linguicide — the intentional suppression or eradication of a language. It is estimated that 45% of the world population speaks one of only a handful of “majority” languages, such as English, Spanish or Chinese. The rest of the population speaks “minority” languages; these are not necessarily endangered (many of them aren’t), but the numbers certainly put things into perspective.

    Ethnologue is the go-to resource for linguists looking for speaker statistics of all the world’s languages (it also demonstrates the familial relationships between languages). UNESCO also has multiple projects documenting the languages of the world, such as the World Atlas of Languages, and it also has an atlas which focuses specifically on vulnerable or endangered languages; so does Google, with the Endangered Languages Project. Here you can find information and resources on endangered languages divided by country, but you can also find materials and resources written or spoken in these languages.

    To get a better idea of what makes a language endangered, let’s consider the cases of two NaTakallam languages: Western Armenian and Kurdish.

    Western Armenian is one of the two main varieties of the Armenian language (the other is Eastern Armenian; both dialects are offered by NaTakallam). Despite sharing a nearly identical vocabulary, the notable disparities in pronunciation and grammatical structures between the two variants are substantial enough to make an argument that the two varieties are different languages—though they are mutually intelligible. Western Armenian is based on the dialect spoken by the Armenian community living in present-day Turkey—a population which declined sharply due to its genocide and forced displacement by the Ottoman Empire in 1915.

    The language today is spoken mainly by the Armenian diaspora living in Turkey, Georgia, Lebanon, Iraq and the United States, but being a “diaspora language” puts it in danger, as people are more inclined to speak and pass on the language of the country they are living in. Turkey has recognized Armenian as a minority language with certain rights since the Treaty of Lausanne in 1925, but the degree to which this treaty meets modern international standards for minority language rights has been disputed. Armenian within Armenia, of course, is not endangered, but it is the Eastern Armenian variety which predominates in this country.

    The Armenian alphabet is unique to its language and has a rich calligraphic history, as this example page from the Metropolitan Museum of Art shows.
    A Kurdish woman displays traditional Kurdish clothing. Photo by Daroon Jasm.

    Another vulnerable language offered by NaTakallam is Kurdish. Like Armenian, debate exists over whether Kurdish can be considered one language or a group of related languages; its various dialects are often not easily mutually intelligible. Only Zazaki is unanimously considered to be endangered, but while Kurdish is spoken in Turkey, Iraq, Syria, Iran and beyond, it is only recognized as an official language in Iraq, and this is the only country where Kurdish-language education is available. Since the Kurdish population faces different degrees of discrimination across the countries in which they live, the language can’t always be spoken freely by its community.

    Luckily, language decline can be reversed; if enough people are interested in the culture and in the language itself, it can be revitalized. Many people with an immigrant background or from minority communities take an interest in their roots and want to know more about the language their parents or grandparents spoke, so they teach themselves or engage in other efforts to revitalize a language. Such revival efforts are still ongoing everywhere in the world for various languages, and it’s too soon to say whether or not they will take off, but any community that takes an interest in keeping its culture alive has definitely taken the first step to success.

    If you’re interested in learning more about endangered languages in general, we recommend you check out The Green Book of Language Revitalization in Practice and Sustaining Linguistic Diversity.

    ABOUT THE AUTHOR: Alice Zanini is a copywriting intern at NaTakallam. She is currently pursuing her bachelor’s degree in linguistics and Middle Eastern studies. Her research focus is on sociopolitical and sociolinguistic issues in modern Turkey and the Persian-speaking world.

    ABOUT THE AUTHOR: Mikaela Bell is a freelance editor and content writer with a background in anthropology and linguistics. An American based in France, she is also fond of reading, cooking, studying languages, fibercrafts and Irish stepdance.

    Language Endangerment and How to Fight It Read More »

    dancers performing Armenian folk dances

    The Rich Tradition of Armenian Folk Dance

    Reading Time: 5 minutes

    With around three thousand years of history, Armenia is steeped in culture and tradition, and Armenian folk dance (պար; bar) is a prime example of the country’s diversity. Each region has its own style and each of them has a special meaning, associated with rituals, traditions and faith. They are also a way to express emotions. Traditionally, many dances are performed in traditional Armenian dress (the տարազ or taraz) and involve props such as masks or knives.

    Music is, of course, an important part of a dance. Armenian folk dance music is performed on folk instruments: the դուդուկ or ծիրանափող (duduk or tsiranapogh, a wind instrument made out of apricot wood, similar to a flute); the զուռնա (zurna, another wind instrument made out of wood, but closer to a clarinet); and the Դհոլ (dhol, a type of drum common not just in eastern Europe but also across Asia).

    Armenian musicians

    Originally gender mattered when dancing; women and men performed different dances. Nowadays, however, everyone can participate regardless of their gender. The dances serve as a vibrant expression of people’s entire lives, encapsulating their history, values and prayers, as well as moments of joy and sorrow. They are passed down through generations and remain an integral part of social gatherings like weddings and festivals. Even within the Armenian diaspora, there is a concerted effort to preserve and perpetuate these dance traditions, ensuring their continuation beyond the country’s borders.

    Let’s have a closer look at the most famous Armenian folk dances:

    Kochari

    The Քոչարի or kochari is a lively, energetic dance that is believed to be one of the oldest traditional dances of Armenia.There are different versions depending on where you live, but it was inspired by the movement of rams fighting against each other. Initially the kochari symbolized a military victory and was performed by men, but nowadays it is performed during different celebrations by people of any age, gender and social status. The dancers hold each other’s hands in a line, shoulder to shoulder, and dance in a circle. The first person in the line holds a handkerchief and spins it. (The discerning reader may notice similarities to the Levantine دبكة, debka.) Kochari dancers often wear traditional costumes, which can vary depending on the region of Armenia they come from. In 2017, the kochari was added to the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage List as a dance that “provides a sense of shared identity and solidarity, contributes to the continuity of historical, cultural and ethnic memory, and fosters mutual respect among community members of all ages.”

    Want to give it a try? Check out this kochari tutorial!

    Shalakho

    The շալախո or shalakho is a dynamic, acrobatic dance known throughout the Caucasus region. There are different versions depending on the region, and the dancers also differ: in some areas it is only danced by women, only by men, or by women and men together. The most common variation is with two or more men “competing” to attract a woman’s attention. The male dancers use swords or sticks as props and perform fast-paced, energetic movements that involve jumping, kicking and spinning, while the women move in a more soft and delicate manner, with shorter steps. The shalakho is typically accompanied by the zurna.

    Tamzara

    The Թամզարա or tamzara is a traditional dance that originated in the Western region of Armenia, which is now part of Turkey. It is typically performed at weddings by men and women, who hold hands and move in a circular motion while crossing steps and swinging their arms. The music for the tamzara is usually provided by a dhol, and the dance is often accompanied by singing.

    Yarkhushta  

    The Յարխուշտա or yarkhushta is a war dance typically performed by men. The name probably comes from the union of the Farsi Persian words یار (yar), meaning “companion” or “lover,” and khusht, a small dagger. It involves quick, fast-paced movements, including high jumps and kicks performed to the sound of a dhol and zurna, and originally it was likely accompanied by war cries.The key element of the dance is a forward movement, in which participants rapidly approach one another and vigorously clap the palms of the dancers in the opposite row.

    Like the tamzara, the yarkhusta originates in Sasun, in Western Armenia, now Turkey. However, many inhabitants of that area were displaced due to persecution and settled in the Talin region, in today’s Armenia, bringing their culture with them. In the 1930s, a famous ethnographer named Srbuhi Lisitsian, who taught in Yerevan, visited the villages of Talin to study their dances. He was the one who made the yarkhusta known to the whole country of Armenia. Most researchers say that the dance has medieval origins, while others argue that it dates back to Armenia’s pre-Christian period, but scholars agree that the dance has gone through almost no changes during the centuries.

    We couldn’t decide between these two examples — why not comment and tell us which you prefer?

    Berd

    Finally, the բերդ, berd, or բերդապար, berdapar, whose name means “fortress,” is another famous Armenian military dance originally performed by men. Its name comes from a move performed during the dance, in which the dancers stand on top of each other’s shoulders to create a “fortress.” Originally from the old Armenian city Vaspurakan, near the Van Lake in Western Armenia, people say that before becoming a dance it was a game named Գմբեթախաղ or gmbetakhagh, which means “dome game.”

    ABOUT THE AUTHOR: Alice Zanini is a copywriting intern at NaTakallam. She is currently pursuing her bachelor’s degree in linguistics and Middle Eastern studies. Her research focus is on sociopolitical and sociolinguistic issues in modern Turkey and the Persian-speaking world.

    ABOUT THE EDITOR: Mikaela Bell is a freelance editor and content writer with a background in anthropology and linguistics. An American based in France, she is also fond of reading, cooking, studying languages, fibercrafts and Irish stepdance.

    The Rich Tradition of Armenian Folk Dance Read More »

    5 Ways to Say “I Love You” in Western Armenian

    Reading Time: 2 minutes

    Blog contributors: Nairy Kouyoumjian, Lucy Davis, and Maria Thomas.

    The month of love may be well behind us but everyday is a new opportunity to spread love! Armenian has two main dialects – Eastern and Western – and even more ways to say “I love you”. Though the two main dialects are mutually intelligible, they have been evolving separately over the last 100 years in their own unique ways.

    Here are our top 5 phrases to spread the love with Western-speaking Armenians around the world!

    1. Դուն իմ աշխարհն ես (Toun im ashkharhnes)
    Meaning “you are my world,” this is also the name of a famous song by Armenian-American singer Paul Baghdadlian, known as the King of Love Songs.

    2. Սիրելիս (Sirelis)
    This word, meaning “my darling” or “my beloved,” is a simple one to memorize and use with your loved ones! Use this expression (and the others listed!) to tell someone how much you care for them.

    3. Կեանքս (Gyankes)
    This more figurative way of expressing love, meaning “my life,” uses the same word as you would use to talk about life in a general sense.

    4. Սիրտս (Sirdes)
    To round out our list we have Սիրտս meaning “my heart.” It is commonly used when talking with a lover, friend or family member with affection.

    5. Քեզ կը սիրեմ (Kez geh seerem)
    This is the most straightforward way to express your adoration of someone in Eastern Armenian, translating directly to “I love you.”

    Here’s another bonus expression: Սէրս Քեզ Կու տամ (Seres kez gou dam). This phrase translates to “I give you my love,” which you might use interchangeably with Քեզ կը սիրեմ (Kez geh seerem) i.e. “I love you.”

    Interested in learning more Western Armenian? Sign up for NaTakallam Sessions today, or give the Gift of Language to a loved one! At NaTakallam, every language session contributes to the livelihoods of our skilled tutors from displaced backgrounds.

    Join a session today, learn a language and make an impact!

     

    This piece was contributed by Nairy Kouyoumjian, Lucy Davis, and Maria Thomas:
    Content support: Nairy Kouyoumjian is a Syrian-Armenian Language Partner with NaTakallam teaching Arabic and Western Armenian. She loves teaching her native languages in a fun and engaging way! During her sessions, she combines the basic rules of the language with discussions about her life and her culture! In her free time, she enjoys reading and doing voluntary social work.
    Copywriting: Lucy Davis is a Communications and PR Officer with NaTakallam. She is currently pursuing a dual Bachelor’s degree in economics and literature. She loves cooking, doing puzzles, and traveling to new places.
    Copyediting: Maria Thomas is a copywriter with NaTakallam. She is currently pursuing her doctoral studies in art history. In her spare time, she enjoys reading, powerlifting and going on hikes.

    5 Ways to Say “I Love You” in Western Armenian Read More »

    5 Ways to Say “I Love You” in Eastern Armenian

    Reading Time: 3 minutes

    Blog contributors: Anahid Jouljian, Lucy Davis, and Maria Thomas.

    The month of love is coming to an end, but that’s no reason to stop celebrating love! Armenian communities around the world mark the holiday of Trndez, also known as Candlemas Day in some parts of the world, in February. What’s more, these celebrations are followed by another Armenian festival, St. Sargis Day – providing even more reasons and ways to share love.

    Learn 5 phrases about love in Eastern Armenian with NaTakallam and find out more about these unique holidays!

    1. Իմ պաշտելիս (Im bashdelis)
    This phrase, meaning “my adorable,” might be used on Trndez, when it is customary for newlyweds to help build a large bonfire in the church courtyard and leap over it together.

    2. Իմ մի հատիկս (Meg hadiges)
    This is a beautiful way to tell someone you love them, meaning, “my one and only.” On Trndez, celebrating love is not just for newlyweds but for families and people in all stages of life. During the bonfire, people light candles to bring the fire back to their own households.

    3. Թանկագինս (Tangakeenes)
    This translates to “my precious” but don’t worry, it’s not a reference to the Lord of the Rings! You can use this expression to tell someone how much you care for them.

    4. Սիրելիս (Sirelis)
    This one word phrase meaning “my darling” or “my beloved” can be added into any phrase to make it loving. According to tradition on St. Sargis Day, young people should eat a small salty snack called aghi blit before going to sleep, and in their dreams, they will see their future soulmate offering a glass of water.

    5. Սիրում եմ քեզ (Seeroum em kez)
    This is the most straightforward way to express your adoration of someone in Eastern Armenian, translating directly to “I love you.”

    Interested in learning more Eastern Armenian? Sign up for NaTakallam Sessions today, or give the Gift of Language to a loved one! At NaTakallam, every language session contributes to the livelihoods of our skilled tutors from displaced backgrounds.

    Join a session today, learn a language and make an impact!

    This piece was contributed by Anahid Jouljian, Lucy Davis, and Maria Thomas:
    Content support: Anahid Jouljian is a Lebanese-Armenian Language Partner with NaTakallam teaching Western Armenian. As a result of the pandemic and Lebanon port blast, Anahid moved to Yerevan with her family in March 2020. In her 25 years of teaching, Anahid’s lessons have helped the Armenian diaspora around the world get back in touch with their roots. Today, she is also an editor in the Memory Documentation Project of The Armenian Program of the Gulbenkian Foundation.
    Copywriting: Lucy Davis is a Communications and PR Officer with NaTakallam. She is currently pursuing a dual Bachelor’s degree in economics and literature. She loves cooking, doing puzzles, and traveling to new places.
    Copyediting support: Maria Thomas is a copywriter with NaTakallam. She is currently pursuing her doctoral studies in art history. In her spare time, she enjoys reading, powerlifting and going on hikes.

    5 Ways to Say “I Love You” in Eastern Armenian Read More »

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