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Language: A Critical Tool to Unlock Peace and Understanding

Reading Time: 5 minutes

Learning a new language can be daunting.

The inevitable mistakes – mispronunciations, misunderstandings – can be embarrassing, but they signify a step toward deeper connection.

When I lived in Lebanon and was new to Arabic, every conversation felt harder than it needed to be. I often mispronounced words or got lost when the dialogue moved beyond the few phrases I knew. Yet, something beautiful emerged. An older man who ran a nearby umbrella stand would often strike up a conversation. Despite moments of misunderstanding, we both made an effort. I spoke Arabic; he replied in English. Every day, we sat together over coffee and practiced each other’s language.

These daily conversations didn’t just improve my Arabic—they created a connection that went beyond words. Each mistake, each shared laugh, was a step toward mutual understanding. This simple exchange revealed a deeper truth: language is not just about communication. It’s a bridge that connects people, cultures, and perspectives, allowing us to break down barriers and foster empathy. And in the larger context of global peacebuilding, these connections become even more vital.

The Role of Language in Peacebuilding

Language is how we communicate; how we share our thoughts, ideas, and feelings. In peacebuilding, clear communication is key to resolving conflicts. The United Nations has long recognized this, as in their 1999 ‘Declaration and Programme for Action on a Culture of Peace’ which affirms peace “not only is the absence of conflict, but also requires a positive, dynamic participatory process where dialogue is encouraged and conflicts are solved in a spirit of mutual understanding and cooperation.”

This idea expanded in the 2015 HIPPO Report, which highlights the needs for strategic communication to build trust in peacebuilding and peacekeeping. It’s about more than just communication; it’s about understanding the other side – literally and figuratively. 

Learning to speak someone else’s language is an act of empathy and shows a willingness to connect with “the other,” which is the essence of peacebuilding.

In conflict resolution, this can be incredibly powerful. Take international diplomacy as an example. Multilingual diplomats often have a greater capacity to negotiate and build relationships across divisions because they can communicate in the native languages of their counterparts. 

For example, Nelson Mandela’s knowledge of Afrikaans, the language of the ruling white minority during apartheid in South Africa, helped him engage with the Afrikaner community. His ability to speak Afrikaans (in addition to his mother tongue Xhosa and English) enabled him to establish a rapport with those who were initially resistant to his leadership. Mandela’s linguistic versatility helped bridge the deep racial divide in South Africa. His approach showed the importance of language in reconciliation and peacebuilding.

When we learn another language, we are not just memorizing vocabulary or grammar rules, we are gaining insight into their worldview, culture, and experiences.

"If you talk to a man in a language he understands, that goes to his head. If you talk to him in his language, that goes to his heart."

When we learn another language, we are not just memorizing vocabulary or grammar rules, we are gaining insight into their worldview, culture, and experiences.

Breaking Down Barriers With Dialogue

Language learning is about more than just words or clear communication—it’s deeply connected to culture, identity, and perspective, all of which are embedded in the structure of language itself. By learning a language, we gain insights into these elements, which fosters peacebuilding, mutual understanding, respect, and an appreciation for diverse ways of thinking and seeing the world. Thoughtful communication can heal, acknowledge suffering, and affirm dignity.

Dialogue facilitated in a shared language or through translation helps to break down barriers of misunderstanding. By bridging language gaps, multilingualism helps break down barriers that can lead to exclusion or miscommunication, ensuring that everyone’s voice is heard and reducing the risk of misunderstandings that could escalate into conflict.

At the grassroots level, language exchange initiatives have become tools of reconciliation. NaTakallam connects displaced persons with language learners across the globe, showcasing how language can foster mutual understanding. When people from different backgrounds and countries engage in conversation, they humanize each other. This simple act of learning and sharing creates bonds that can dissolve stereotypes and build a culture of peace and justice, one word at a time.

Partnering with NaTakallam is not only an investment in language education but also in global peacebuilding. By providing platforms for displaced persons to share their knowledge and stories, these programs foster cultural exchange, empathy, and the kind of mutual respect that is essential for building a more peaceful world.

Language as a Bridge Through Education​

Educating individuals in multiple languages contributes to long-term peacebuilding, and NaTakallam’s programs are a testament to that. By connecting students to conflict-affected individuals, NaTakallam integrates language learning with refugee experiences, fostering meaningful dialogue across borders that promotes understanding and collaboration.

As one Arabic student from the University of Georgia noted after participating in a NaTakallam program:

For so long I thought there was a huge difference between us and them...I wonder what would have happened if I had gone on with the same ideas. Would I have lived my life hating other people? Would I have built up so much hatred that I would have retaliated or attacked one of these groups? If people would just sit down and talk, they would realize how misled they've been. Speaking with and getting to know my Language Partner has been an absolute privilege.

Bridging Divides and Fostering Global Understanding

Language is more than just a tool for communication – it’s a powerful medium for peacebuilding. Whether through simple language exchanges in the street, like my daily conversations at the umbrella stand in Lebanon, or through multilingual diplomacy at the highest levels, language opens the door to understanding, empathy, and reconciliation.

In a world of growing divisions, organisations like NaTakallam remind us that fostering human connection through language can help break down barriers. By learning to communicate across cultures, we create spaces for mutual respect and deeper understanding. Together, we can build a more empathetic, inclusive world where every person’s skills and stories are valued.

Harness the power of language with NaTakallam’s diverse services. Whether you’re interested in academic programs, 1-on-1 sessions, translation and interpretation, or Refugee Voices, explore our solutions and see how we can help you build a more inclusive and connected world.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR: Lenora Dsouza is an intern at NaTakallam and is currently pursuing her Masters degree in International Security at Sciences Po Paris. She is passionate about learning new cultures through travelling and language.

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15 Powerful Works by Palestinian Women You Must Read

Reading Time: 8 minutes

Palestine has a long, rich and vibrant tradition of literature with incredible writers who have contributed to Palestinian identity, culture and the quest for freedom through their works. Among the voices that bring these narratives to life, Palestinian women offer unique perspectives, but often get overlooked in conversations about Palestinian literature.

You might already be familiar with Mahmoud Darwish, Edward Said, and Mohammed El-Kurd – here are 15 books by Palestinian women writers to add to your reading list.

Looking for Palestine: Growing Up Confused in an Arab-American Family (2013) by Najla Said

A poignant memoir of the daughter of a prominent Palestinian father and a sophisticated Lebanese mother growing up in New York City. Looking for Palestine explores the complexities of identity, belonging and growing up between two worlds. With candid emotion, Said recounts her struggles with self-image, cultural identity, and her quest to find a place where she truly feels at home.

Salt Houses (2017) by Hala Alyan

In her debut novel, Alyan humanizes the conflicts you may have heard of in headlines, through the story of a Palestinian family that is uprooted by the Six-Day War of 1967 and Saddam Hussein’s invasion of Kuwait in 1990. Salt Houses follows the Yacoub family over three generations, from Nablus to Kuwait City to Beirut, Paris, Boston, and beyond. As its characters struggle with the meaning of home in the face of perpetual displacement, readers are reminded of the way the Nakba and colonialism more broadly have shaped the history, present and future of the Palestinian people.

Amreekiya (2018) by Lena Mahmoud

A compelling exploration of identity and belonging, Amreekiya tells the story of Isra, a young Palestinian-American woman navigating the challenges between cultures and trying to define herself. The novel is an interesting look at what it means to straddle two worlds, and the journey to find one’s place within them.

A Woman is No Man (2019) by Etaf Rum

Rum’s debut novel A Woman Is No Man takes us inside the lives of an Arab family living in America. The story follows Isra, a Palestinian girl who moves to Brooklyn after an arranged marriage, and her daughter Deya. While separated by a generation, the mother and daughter both navigate the challenging dynamics of identity, autonomy, and gender expectations, revealing the painful sacrifices and silent rebellions of women bound by societal norms.

Mornings in Jenin (2010) and Against the Loveless World (2020) by Susan Abulhawa

Mornings in Jenin is a heart-wrenching story of displacement, resilience, and the deep roots of family. Amal is born in the refugee camp of Jenin. Her family is trying to survive the trauma of being forced out of their home in the olive-farming village of Ayn Hawd in 1948, the abduction of her brother as a baby, and forging their place in a world that continually marginalizes them.

Winner of the Arab American Book Award for 2021, Against the Loveless World follows Nahr, a Palestinian woman, who narrates her story from a solitary confinement cell. Tracing her life from Kuwait to Jordan, then to Palestine and finally to an Israeli prison, she navigates the brutalities of living in exile and under occupation. Through Nahr’s eyes, we see the impact of war on individual lives and the unyielding spirit of resistance against oppression.

You Exist Too Much (2020) by Zaina Arafat

Arafat’s protagonist is a young Palestinian-American woman caught between cultural, religious, and sexual identities. Through her story the reader is asked to reckon with the similarities between our individual traumas and the divisions of the places that have formed us. You Exist Too Much addresses two of the most human longings: for love, and a place to call home.

In My Mother’s Footsteps: A Palestinian Refugee Returns Home (2021) by Mona Hajjar Halaby

“‘Refugees are like seeds that scatter in the wind, and land in different soils that become their reluctant homes’ my mother once told me.”

Mona had only experienced Palestine through her mother’s memories. So when she moved from California to Ramallah for a year of teaching, the journey became one of personal rediscovery. Her memoir is an intimate account of daily life in a militarized, occupied Palestinian town, and the deep-seated ties that bind diasporic Palestinians to their roots.

The women of Ramallah have long played a key role in pioneering feminism, women’s rights and the importance of education within their community.

My First and Only Love (2021) by Sahar Khalifeh (translated by Aida Bamia)

In the final days of the British Mandate, Nidal returns to her family home in Nablus, where she meets a love she thought she had lost. Exploring themes of nostalgia, national identity, and the enduring power of first love, Khalifeh beautifully captures the intersection of individual stories in historical events with a strong feminist voice

The book was originally written and published in Arabic with the title “حبي الأول” (Hubbi al-Awal; My First Love).

The Beauty of Your Face (2021) by Sahar Mustafah

In the Chicago suburbs, a gunman opens fire at a school. Afaf Rahman, the school principal and daughter of Palestinian immigrants, sees her past and present converge as she reconciles with the impact of violence on personal growth and community. Mustafah pens a story of our shared humanity in one of the New York Times’ 100 Notable Books for 2020.

You Can Be the Last Leaf: Selected Poems (2022) by Maya Abu Al-Hayyat (translated by Fady Joudah)

“those who win by killing fewer children / are losers.”

This collection of poems by Maya Abu Al-Hayyat offers insight to the everyday realities of life in Palestine, woven with themes of love, loss, and longing. Abu Al-Hayyat’s voice is both tender and bold, capturing the human spirit amidst ongoing conflict. This translation of her works by poet Fady Joudah challenges a wider audience to develop a deeper understanding of Palestinian existence.

They Called Me a Lioness: A Palestinian Girl’s Fight for Freedom (2022) by Ahed Tamimi and Dena Takruri

“What would you do if you grew up seeing your home repeatedly raided? Your parents arrested? Your mother shot? Your uncle killed? Try, for just a moment, to imagine that this was your life. How would you want the world to react?”

Ahed Tamimi is a Palestinian activist who came of age participating in nonviolent demonstrations. She became an international icon when she was jailed at 16 after a confrontation with Israeli soldiers. Co-authored with journalist Dena Takruri, this memoir details the daily indignities of occupation, the powerful role of youth, and the humanity of people struggling for freedom around the world.

Dear God, Dear Bones, Dear Yellow (2022) by Noor Hindi

What does it mean to bear witness through writing? Hindi’s poems explore identity, grief, and survival through the intersections of nationality, colonialism, and personal trauma. Hindi’s poignant verses present a profound commentary on the struggles of being heard in a fragmented world.

Read more about how poetry is giving voice to Gaza’s youth.

Enter Ghost (2023) by Isabella Hammad

Award winning British-Palestinian author Isabella Hammad’s new novel follows actress Sonia Nasir as she returns to her family home of Haifa in Palestine. Initially simply visiting her older sister, she ends up taking the role of Gertrude in an Arabic-language West Bank production of Hamlet. This is an unforgettable story of artistry in the face of conflict.

Behind You Is the Sea (2024) by Susan Muaddi Darraj

A workaholic lawyer finds unexpected love; a young college student moves in with her traditional grandparents; a cop returns his estranged father’s body to Palestine for burial. Funny and touching, Behind You Is the Sea gives voice to the diverse residents of a Palestinian-American community in Baltimore. Through the lives of three families – the Baladis, the Salamehs, and the Ammars – Darraj transcends politics to break stereotypes and present the uniquely human experience of Palestinians with nuance.

As a social enterprise led by women, NaTakallam has always made it a point to highlight women’s stories from around the world. It is through these stories that we can forge connections that transcend geographical and cultural boundaries.

As you delve into the stories of Palestinian women, why not further your exploration by learning the language that carries their voices? NaTakallam offers unique Arabic language learning that pairs learners with native-speaking tutors from conflict-affected communities. Sign up for our Integrated Arabic Curriculum or Arabic language sessions (in 6+ dialects, including Palestinian) today.

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The Hidden Languages of Flowers

Reading Time: 5 minutesWant access to the latest cultural and language insights? Sign up below for our newsletter today!

As spring unfolds, the fragrant beauty of the season draws us in. We take walks in nature. For the more ambitious, we plant gardens. For the less ambitious, we carefully select bouquets to brighten our living spaces. But flowers are much more than merely decorative. For centuries, cultures around the world have looked to flowers, and their significance is far-reaching. Flowers are sacred. Flowers are inspiration. Flowers are hope. This spring, let’s take a brief botanical tour and explore the many languages of flowers in different cultures.

 

Armenia and the Forget-Me-Not

անմոռուկ [anmoṙuk]

The Armenian Genocide of 1915 – known by Armenians as Medz Yeghern (the great crime) or Aghet (catastrophe) –  resulted in the deaths of as many as 1.2 million Armenians. In 2015, the purple forget-me-not flower or anmoṙuk (անմոռուկ) became the official emblem in observance of the Armenian genocide. The black center of the flower represents the dark past while the light purple petals represent the unity of today’s Armenian communities worldwide. Five dark purple petals paint the future and illustrate the five continents where Armenian genocide survivors resettled. Finally, the golden inner area symbolizes light and hope. And it’s not just flowers that shed light on the hope that runs through Armenian culture – learn more about it and discover the richness of Armenian folk dances to dig deeper.

 

Egypt and the Blue Lotus

نيلوفَر [nilufar

Once scattered along the shores of the Nile River in Ancient Egypt, the blue lotus is known by many names, including the blue water lily and the sacred lily. The ancient roots of the lotus flower or nilufar (نيلوفر) are unmistakable, as it is frequently depicted on tomb walls and other ancient Egyptian artwork. The blue lotus even appears on King Tutankhamen’s tomb! This flower is also associated with numerous Egyptian deities, such as Osiris and Ra. Additionally, the flower has psychoactive properties and was once used to treat insomnia and anxiety. Truly, many flowers have a special place in the Arabic language. For example, moonflower or ya [q]amar (يا قمر) has long been used as a romantic term of endearment.

 

France and Lavender 

lavande 

Lavender has long been lauded for its homeopathic benefits. The harvesting of lavender in Provence (a region in the south of France, particularly known for its fields of lavender) is a source of regional pride and centuries-long tradition. Small farms harvest the crop for use in perfumes, oils, soaps, and more. If you find yourself in France between mid-June and mid-August, it is well worth your while to visit a lavender field in full bloom. From Les Lavandes de Champelle in the hilltop town of Sault to the sacred silence of Abbaye Notre-Dame de Sénanque, experience une rêverie mémorable

 

Iran and the Damask Rose

گل محمدی [gol-e Mohammadi] or گل سرخ [gol-e sorkh]

From perfume to medicine, rose water has many uses. Iran’s annual Rose Water Festival in Kashan attracts visitors from Iran and the world over. Named for the Syrian city of Damascus where Europeans stumbled across the flower during the Middle Ages, this flower is thought to have its origins in central Asia and Iran. Thus, the flower holds a special place in Persian culture. Every spring the Kashan county of Iran is blanketed in soft, velvety roses. During the festival, thousands of pounds of gol Mohammadi (گل محمدی) or Mohammadi rose are picked to distill into rose water. The centuries-old distillery process known as golab-giri involves boiling the rose petals for hours in copper pots. So, whether you wish to soothe a sore throat or sample the Persian sweet faloodeh, this festival is not to be missed. Planning to attend? Learn how to introduce yourself and start with ‘hello’.

 

Palestine and the Poppy

شقائق النعمان  [shaqeeqah an-nu’mān]

A national flower of Palestine, the poppy or shaqeeqah an-nu’mān (شقيقة النعمان) grows abundantly in fields during the springtime. Not surprisingly, it represents the relationship between Palestinians and their land. Additionally, this flower is steeped in history, signifying bloodshed from wars. As a result, the poppy appears frequently in Palestinian art and literature. Flowers and other nature-inspired motifs are also on display in Palestinian embroidery work or تطريز (taTriiz). Now more than ever, the poppy takes on special significance. On December 15th, artists and activists created an installation of more than 20,000 red paper poppies in front of the New York Stock Exchange, each poppy laid in remembrance of a Palestinian life lost. 

 

Russia and Lily of the Valley

Ландыш [landysh]

Lily of the Valley or landysh (Ландыш) was a favorite flower of Tsarina Alexandra Feodorovna. In fact, Feodorovna and Nicholas II once gifted Queen Alexandra a Lily of the Valley Fabergé egg cast in gold, and embedded with diamonds and pearls. The flower is also found in the Russian legend of Sadko when Lilies of the Valley grew out of tears shed by his spurned lover the sea princess Volkhova. This legend is depicted in the 1898 opera Sadko by Rimsky- Korsakov. Want to learn more about Russia’s rich cultural history? Try a language lesson with one of our native instructors for free!  

 

Kurdistan and the Daffodil

nergiz

The daffodil or nergiz can be found spilling from the streets of the Kurdistan region every January through April. This cheerful yellow and white flower is a symbol of spring and is an important part of the Kurdish holiday of Newroz, which is the Kurdish New Year. Friends and family enjoy gifting these flowers to their loved ones. In this way, the daffodil, which is also a symbol of Kurdish nationalism, is a token of one’s affection. It’s no wonder that this flower features prominently in traditional Kurdish clothing, as well as traditional Kurdish tattooing or deq.

 

Ukraine and the Sunflower

Соняшник [soniashnyk]

Sunflowers – or soniashnyk in Ukrainian – have grown in Ukraine since the mid-18th century. The pervasiveness of the sunflower is undeniable. From sunflower seeds as a popular snack to profitable sunflower oil exports, the sunflower has become an unofficial national symbol. Most significantly, it has been a longstanding symbol of peace. When Ukraine gave up nuclear weapons in 1996, sunflowers were planted in celebration at the Pervomaysk missile base. 

 

Venezuela and the Orchid

Flor de Mayo

Also known as Flor de Mayo, the orchid is the national flower of Venezuela. In fact, this flower actually inspired the construction of Venezuela’s pavilion at the 2000 World Fair Expo in Hanover. Venezuelan architect Frutas Vivo designed The Flor de Venezuela or the Flor de Hanover. The structure consists of 16 huge petals that open and close. (Each petal measures at least 33 feet or 10 meters long!) After the Expo, the famed Flor was moved in stages to Barquisimeto in northwest Venezuela. Want to delve deeper? Try a Refugee Voices session with our Venezuelan Language Partners.

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woman looking out window at snow

Coping with Compassion Fatigue: Strategies and Insights

Reading Time: 9 minutes

Balancing Opposite Worlds: Life During Global Crises

On a recent day in January, I woke up to a world made white with new-fallen snow. I checked messages on my phone while snuggling with my toddler under the warm covers, then sent him off to daycare with his dad, made myself a mug of gingerbread spice tea, and sat down at my laptop for another marketing meeting that had been taken over by the genocide in Gaza.

On my break, I posted about the snow on Facebook. I posted about Gaza. I posted about how excited I was for the new vacuum cleaner I’d gotten for Christmas and how bizarre it felt to reach that stage of life where a new vacuum cleaner was worth getting excited about. And I wondered if anyone would take my posts about Gaza seriously when I was also posting about vacuum cleaners. And what kind of person was I anyway, to be excited about a new vacuum cleaner when body bags the size of my toddler were piling up? And yet I knew that if I thought too long about those body bags, I’d crawl back into my warm bed and refuse to come out. Posting about the vacuum cleaner made me happy. And besides, if I didn’t post about anything but Gaza, how many of my Facebook friends would unfollow me and never see any of it?

After all, I myself had started avoiding social media posts about Gaza.

When the war started, I sought out the feeds that showed what was happening in Gaza, convinced that if enough people saw them the madness would stop. Then I stopped sharing them. Then I started scrolling past them as fast as possible. It was hormones, I told myself; as a mother, my brain just wasn’t structured to handle photos of dead children. Then the number of dead would tick up another digit and I’d share another headline, leave another message for the White House, draft another newsletter, and run the vacuum cleaner.

The Merriam-Webster’s Dictionary defines “compassion fatigue” as “apathy or indifference toward the suffering of others as the result of overexposure to tragic news stories and images and the subsequent appeals for assistance.” Coming up on Day 100 of the war on Gaza, I was suffering from a serious case of it. I didn’t want to think about millions of people starving while bombs rained down on their heads — I wanted to hug my toddler, drink tea, and watch the snow fall. How would making myself miserable help anyone? I’d already donated what I could afford and left messages with both my senators, but the bombs were still falling.

A Google search for “how to avoid compassion fatigue” turns up a host of articles, most of them directed at medical professionals, caretakers, and educators. The tips mostly seem to involve leaving work’s problems at work, practicing self-care, and relying on colleagues for support. But no matter how much suffering they encounter, a nurse can go to sleep each day knowing they have delivered pain relief or made a sick child smile. It was a lot harder to tell myself I had made a difference for Gaza. There’s not much on dealing with compassion fatigue when your job is simply marketing language services — even services delivered by refugees.

How do you avoid compassion fatigue when you’re just trying to be a decent human being while remaining sane?

Mari Andrew’s Wisdom: Poetry for Difficult Times

Comfort and counsel can come from surprising places, and a few weeks ago, a Facebook memory brought back a certain poem: “I am washing my face before bed while a country is on fire. It feels dumb to. It feels dumb not to. It has never been this way, and it has always been this way. Someone has always clinked a cocktail glass in one hemisphere as someone loses a home in another while someone falls in love in the same apartment building where someone grieves. The fact that suffering, mundanity, and beauty coincide is unbearable and remarkable.”

I first encountered these powerful words in the opening days of the war on Ukraine, and at the time I think I assumed they had been written for that occasion. After Google failed me on compassion fatigue, I tried the opening lines of this poem and found the whole text, as well as the author Mari Andrew’s own reflections on its writing. To my surprise, it wasn’t about Ukraine at all; it was written in reference to the literal wildfires that had consumed the country of Australia in January 2020. (“How is a person supposed to do ordinary things like fall in love when a quick phone scroll is both advertising discount designer socks and informing me that 12 million acres have burned?” she asks.) But the words, the author said, had carried her through the ensuing Covid pandemic and beyond for the same reasons they continue to circulate on social media today: I am not the only one feeling trapped between the horrific headlines, the vacuum cleaner, and the new-fallen snow. We are all struggling.

At the same time, I realized that I had never actually seen the entire poem. It’s usually the opening lines that get shared online because those are the lines that convey the emotion without making reference to specific circumstances. And yet Andrew isn’t just pouring out her heart with this poem; she’s also working toward solutions. “I despair with an exhale, then I refuse to despair, with an inhale. … ‘I must choose between despair and energy—I choose the latter.’ — Keats. What does it look like to state in the midst of smoke: I choose energy? For starters, I choose to finish washing my face. Then…” Andrew goes on to elaborate a list of concrete actions she is taking: eating less meat, buying new music, keeping money in her pocket to give away to someone who needs it, buying from an Aboriginal-owned business and attending a birthday party.

What’s interesting about this list is that not all of these activities had direct bearing on the wildfires. Eating less meat is, of course, an established way to combat climate change, and one can see how buying from Aboriginal-owned businesses becomes doubly important when Aboriginal communities are burning. But why does she decide to give $5 to a needy stranger? How does celebrating a friend’s birthday help? “I choose to do the things that I may think are too insignificant to matter, because sometimes protesting is an act of grieving and small choices toward energy keep me from despair,” she writes, “because grief and celebration often happen in the same night.”

I believe that all of us, whether this year’s fight be climate change, Covid, Ukraine, Congo, Gaza or whatever 2024 and 2025 have in store, can benefit from Mari Andrew’s wisdom. In that vein, I’m going to finish by sharing a few practical ideas for combating compassion fatigue that I have developed over the past few months, as we all struggle to be decent human beings while staying sane.

Combatting Compassion Fatigue: Practical Tips

  1. Continue to do the things that bring you joy. Go to the birthday parties. Drink the tea. Hug your children, and watch the new-fallen snow. You are not helping the people of Gaza or anywhere else by adding to the world’s sorrow. You are not betraying them by feeling happy. Your emotions make no difference to Gaza one way or another, so you might as well laugh with those who laugh.
  2. Make space to mourn with those who mourn. Reach out to those who are hurting. Take time to send a message to one of NaTakallam’s Palestinian Language Partners or the countless other Gazans who continue to cling to the Internet as their only window out of a living hell. Let them know you are thinking of them, or praying for them, or fighting for them. Make sure they remember that they are not alone.
  3. Set up a recurring donation. Instead of thinking in terms of a single grand gesture, then feeling frustrated because the $500 you emptied from your vacation account (or didn’t) isn’t even a drop in the bucket of Gaza’s need, decide what you can afford to give on a monthly basis — even if it’s just $10 — but keep doing so. Most of us get income on a regular basis, and most charities make it easy for you to have regular donations deducted from your bank account. After you’ve made your decisions and set up the automation, don’t spend more mental energy on it. Not sure where to donate? We recommend Save the Children, Doctors Without Borders, Tech for Palestine, and Jewish Voices for Peace, or you could donate to this fundraiser to support NaTakallam Language Partner Shahd, who lives in Rafah and whose family is currently sheltering several others who have lost their homes.
  4. Make decisions in advance about your spending habits. Agonizing over whether you’re a terrible person every time you buy a latte or a new music album is just going to make you avoid giving altogether. Instead, after you’ve set up your recurring charitable donation, decide on two implementable changes to your everyday shopping habits. This can involve choosing to buy less or shop elsewhere — such as by participating in the Boycott, Divest, and Sanctions movement — or patronizing Palestinian businesses such as those listed in our 2023 Impactful Gift Ideas. Making the decision now will save you from worrying later on. In my case, seeing our local supermarket chain on the BDS list was the push my family needed to finally commit to shopping at at the organic supermarket instead. I like that by doing so we can contribute to two causes at once.
  5. Set a reminder on your phone for one weekly action. This can be attending a protest, calling your senators, writing a letter to the editor of your local newspaper, asking a major company to divest from the military, or any other action you choose — what matters is doing something. If you don’t have time to attend a protest every Saturday, you can still take two minutes to email a corporation. Once you’ve decided which actions to take, get everything set up. Put your elected representatives’ numbers into the contacts list on your phone (they should probably be there anyway). Write out a short script for yourself — your message should take no longer than 30 seconds to deliver. Bookmark a few “letter to the editor” forms on both major and local newspapers. Or save an email template asking for divestments.

More Preparation = Less Energy Needed Later

For all of these tips, you’ll probably notice a trend: the more you prepare now, the less effort you’ll need to expend later when you’re feeling less motivated. Emotions can be powerful as agents that drive us to act, but it’s our actions that matter.

And now I’d like to close with another bit of poetry: “Do not be daunted by the enormity of the world’s grief. Do justly, now. Love mercy, now. Walk humbly, now. You are not obligated to complete the work, but neither are you free to abandon it.” American Rabbi Rami Shapiro is the author of this famous passage, paraphrasing the Mishnah. For me, that last line has become key when fighting off compassion fatigue. I am not going to save those children in Gaza. The fate of Gaza rests in hands far larger than mine. I am only called to do as much as I can do. But I will do that much.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR: Mikaela Bell is a freelance editor and content writer with a background in anthropology and linguistics. An American based in France, she is also fond of reading, cooking, studying languages, fibercrafts and Irish stepdance.

ABOUT THE EDITOR: Kelsey Holmes, NaTakallam’s Marketing & Communications Manager, has a background in international development, politics, social impact, and entrepreneurship, Based in Paris, you’ll also find her exploring the outdoors, enjoying creative hobbies like pottery and painting, and discovering new talent at Paris’s music venues.

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The Meaning of the Keffiyeh

Reading Time: 6 minutes

With the ongoing war on Gaza, many people are eager to show their support for Palestine. One popular way to do so is by wearing the keffiyeh or kufiyyah (كوفية), a cotton or wool fishnet-patterned scarf. It can have different color variations but is usually a white background with black or red embroidered details. But what is the meaning of the keffiyeh? Its exact origins are unknown, but many Arab countries, such as Egypt, Jordan, Syria and Saudi Arabia, have their own preferred way to wear it. In the Palestinian context, however, it’s not just a fashion item — it’s an iconic symbol of Palestinian culture and identity.

woman wearing keffiyeh and carrying Palestinian flag

In the 1930s the keffiyeh was worn mostly by farmers and lower-class people from the villages, who used it as a headdress to protect themselves from the harsh weather conditions. This was seen as a symbol of social inferiority and backwardness by the upper class and townspeople, who wore a Tarbuush (طربوش; often called a “fez” in English from the Turkish fes): a rigid, red, conical hat. But during the Arab revolts against British forces, rebels started wearing the keffiyeh to conceal their identity and urged upper-class and townspeople to start wearing it too, so that the rebels could blend in when entering other cities. The British tried banning them, but this only encouraged Palestinians from all social backgrounds to start wearing the keffiyeh collectively as a form of resistance.

In the 1960s the Palestinian فِدائيّين (feda’iyiin; guerrilla fighters) resumed using the keffiyeh as an emblem of national struggle and unity, while the Palestinian politician Yasser Arafat popularized it to a broader, global audience. Its symbolism became even more fundamental when Israeli authorities banned the Palestinian flag in 1967, and throughout the ’60s and ’70s left wing students and activists from all over the world started wearing it as a symbol of sympathy towards anti-imperialist and anti-war causes.

It was at this point that it became a fashionable garment. Mass manufacturers started producing and selling it to broader audiences, who were often unaware of its meaning and wore it for aesthetic purposes (which has led to accusations of cultural appropriation). For Palestinians, however, the cultural significance of the keffiyeh remains strong despite its commercialization.

The patterns on the keffiyeh have many different meanings and interpretations: the fishnet pattern can represent the Palestinians’ connection to the sea, while the bold lines may represent the trade routes which made Palestine an exchange hub in ancient history. (Others believe the lines represent the walls that surround the land.) The oval stitches along the borders represent olive tree leaves: olive trees are of great cultural significance to Palestinians. They play a vital role in the Palestinian economy through oil and wood production, but the olive tree is also a representation of Palestinians’ resilience and attachment to their land. It’s important to note that the keffiyeh doesn’t have a religious meaning and that people wear it regardless of their religious beliefs, social backgrounds, age or gender.

girl wearing keffiyeh with olive tree

The keffiyeh’s patterns are a classic example of Palestinian embroidery. The Arabic word for embroidery of any kind is تطريز (taTriiz), but in English the word “tatreez” has become synonymous with the unique style of embroidery indigenous to Palestine, traditionally done by women.

Palestinian tatreez

Just like the keffiyeh, tatreez has humble origins. Village women used to gather to decorate clothes, scarves and other textiles and pass down this art form to the younger generation. In general, geometric forms and subjects from nature are the most common motifs, but most of them reflect ordinary items from rural women’s daily lives, such as food (apples and chick-peas), animals (cow’s eyes and scorpions) and implements (mill wheels and ladders). Other motifs symbolized basic elements in nature like the sun, moon, stars, trees, mountains and water.

The colors used in the embroidery were just as important as the design, and color schemes were chosen in reflection of a woman’s feelings and stage in life. For example, in the Hebron region, purple threads were preferred by older women, while girls opted for red and green. In some Bedouin tribes, blue embroidery was meant for unmarried women, while married women used red to represent their status as wives. Older women or widows who were interested in remarrying combined the color blue with red flowers and sometimes intertwined figures of children with blue embroidery on the back panel of their dresses. However, red also symbolized happiness and life more generally and so could be used in almost all Palestinian embroidery, alongside other bright colors for accentuation. The dyes came either from Greater Syria or, later on, from Europe.

Some patterns and colors were originally only used in certain areas of Palestine (palm trees from Ramallah, or orange blossoms from Beit Dajan), whereas other designs were stitched everywhere in the country. After the 1920s, however, transportation improved and differences between regions started to decline. 

symbols of Palestinian towns
The symbols of prominent Palestinian towns embroidered in tatreez.

Following the forced mass displacement of Palestinians into refugee camps post-1948, regional differences disappeared altogether. From the 1950s onward, practicality became essential in clothing, which featured plain decorations, but Palestinian women realized that they could make an income through their embroidery work. In the aftermath of the 1967 war and Israel’s occupation of the West Bank and Gaza Strip, display of the Palestinian flag was forbidden, but that didn’t stop women from stitching red, green, white and black designs into their embroidery. The words انتفاضة (intifada, “uprising”) and فلسطين (“Palestine”) were skillfully integrated into cushion patterns, serving as symbols of passive resistance and expressing Palestinian nationalist pride.

As a final note, tatreez today remains a powerful vehicle of self-expression in the face of generational trauma, and some artists are taking its imagery into the digital domain. Click on the image to the right to see an animated explanation of one Palestinian artist’s digital embroidery at the end of the first month of the Israel-Hamas war.

woman wearing keffiyeh waving Palestinian flag and making peace sign

To learn more about Palestinian culture, consider learning Arabic with one of our Palestinian language partners! Here at NaTakallam, every language session contributes to the livelihoods of our skilled tutors from refugee/displaced backgrounds and their host communities. Book a session today, or start with a few key phrases: learn the meaning of inshallah, some common terms of endearment, or how to wish someone happy holidays.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR: Alice Zanini is a copywriting intern at NaTakallam. She is currently pursuing her bachelor’s degree in linguistics and Middle Eastern studies. Her research focus is on sociopolitical and sociolinguistic issues in modern Turkey and the Persian-speaking world.

ABOUT THE EDITOR: Mikaela Bell is a freelance editor and content writer with a background in anthropology and linguistics. An American based in France, she is also fond of reading, cooking, studying languages, fibercrafts and Irish stepdance.

The Meaning of the Keffiyeh Read More »

New bundle updates and features.

Reading Time: 2 minutes

Starting November 1st, 2023NaTakallam is restructuring its language bundles according to the following schema:

NaTakallam Bundles 2023

These changes include:

🚀 Phasing out our 1-hour package; users can now discover NaTakallam with a FREE trial!
🚀 Bundles of 3-hour10-hour20-hour and 30-hour sessions, coupled with the option to pay by installments.
🚀 A new freeze period of six weeks for 20-hour and 30-hour bundles.
🚀 Certificates of completion upon request, to demonstrate the time and effort you’ve invested.
🚀 Language placement tests in the coming year — to demonstrate your language level to employers or other third parties.
🚀 A content library of exercises, flashcards, and other resources to support your learning (launching initially with a beta version for Arabic, Persian, Spanish, French and English — coming soon for the rest!)

Not sure which to choose? Consider the following questions:

🧳 If you’re just starting out with a language, or if you just want to practice before an exam or a trip abroad, consider the 3-session bundle.
📚 If you’re a committed student hoping to maintain a regular schedule of weekly classes, check out the 10- or 20-session bundles.
🧠 If you have a bit more time available and want to really beef up your skills with two classes a week, go for the 30-session bundle.

These changes will also benefit your tutor, through:

🌟 A 20% raise in line with global inflation, plus milestone bonuses.
🌟 Access to a special instructor’s content library and language resources to enhance non-curriculum-based sessions.
🌟 Additional training and upskilling to improve our language partners’ teaching skills and long-term employability.

Some things will stay the same.

🎉 The Integrated Arabic Curriculum at US$750 for 25 hours
🎉 Arabic for Professionals at US$350 (currently with $100 OFF)
🎉 Arabic for Francophones starting at US$8/hour (currently with 50% OFF)

PLEASE NOTE: The new changes will take effect on Wednesday, November 1st, 2023 – however, any purchases made today through October 31st will also benefit from the new features in November.

New users can purchase here, and current users can repurchase on their student dashboard here.

We remain at your disposal for any questions relating to these changes, feel free to reach out to our team at [email protected].

New bundle updates and features. Read More »

Update: An eight-year milestone & changes to our bundles.

Reading Time: 3 minutes

Eight years into our journey, the global displacement situation has only gotten worse. Exponentially worse.

When our co-founder Aline Sara used to pitch NaTakallam in the early days, she’d open with a slide on how we were facing the worst refugee crisis since World War II, with over 65 million people forcibly displaced from their homes.

Today, that number is over 110 million.

Global-displacement-2015-1

While we’re proud of what we’ve built, we remain committed to keeping NaTakallam a sustainable social enterprise.

In the post-Covid era, economies are still reeling — and many of our language partners don’t have the right to seek alternative work in their host communities. Beyond that, online language learning now competes with in-person work and studies. That has, unfortunately, meant that since January 2021, our language partners have experienced a dramatic drop in student sessions, thus impacting their livelihoods.

As a result, starting November 1st, 2023NaTakallam is restructuring its language bundles according to the following schema:

NaTakallam Bundles 2023

These changes include:

🚀 Phasing out our 1-hour package; users can now discover NaTakallam with a FREE trial!
🚀 Bundles of 3-hour10-hour20-hour and 30-hour sessions, coupled with the option to pay by installments.
🚀 A new freeze period of six weeks for 20-hour and 30-hour bundles.
🚀 Certificates of completion upon request, to demonstrate the time and effort you’ve invested.
🚀 Language placement tests in the coming year — to demonstrate your language level to employers or other third parties.
🚀 A content library of exercises, flashcards, and other resources to support your learning (launching initially with a beta version for Arabic, Persian, Spanish, French and English — coming soon for the rest!)

Not sure which to choose? Consider the following questions:

🧳 If you’re just starting out with a language, or if you just want to practice before an exam or a trip abroad, consider the 3-session bundle.
📚 If you’re a committed student hoping to maintain a regular schedule of weekly classes, check out the 10- or 20-session bundles.
🧠 If you have a bit more time available and want to really beef up your skills with two classes a week, go for the 30-session bundle.

These changes will also benefit your tutor, through:

🌟 A 20% raise in line with global inflation, plus milestone bonuses.
🌟 Access to a special instructor’s content library and language resources to enhance non-curriculum-based sessions.
🌟 Additional training and upskilling to improve our language partners’ teaching skills and long-term employability.

Some things will stay the same.

🎉 The Integrated Arabic Curriculum at US$750 for 25 hours
🎉 Arabic for Professionals at US$350 (currently with $100 OFF)
🎉 Arabic for Francophones starting at US$8/hour (currently with 50% OFF)

PLEASE NOTE: The new changes will take effect on Wednesday, November 1st, 2023 – however, any purchases made today through October 31st will also benefit from the new features in November.

New users can purchase here, and current users can repurchase on their student dashboard here.

Remember: Each NaTakallam language lessonclassroom session, and translation service sold contributes directly to refugee livelihoods.

We remain at your disposal for any questions relating to these changes, feel free to reach out to our team at [email protected].

Update: An eight-year milestone & changes to our bundles. Read More »

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