Cultural Insights

Before the Bombs: Real Stories of Life in Gaza

Late March in Khan Younis, Gaza, smells like citrus.
You’d only notice it if you were out walking, preferably at night, when the air is cool and the gardens are in bloom. When it rains – just lightly – the blossoms release their oils and the scent intensifies. 

“Gaza was always incredibly green; its inhabitants connected to nature,” recalls Dalia, a NaTakallam language partner from Khan Younes who once walked those citrus-lined streets, whose weekends were spent in crowded restaurants, whose Friday mornings began with fresh hummus and ended barefoot by the sea.

Shahd, another woman from Gaza now displaced by war, echoes this connection. For her, the sounds and scents of Gaza live just as vividly in memory: the call of the bouza (ice-cream) trucks, the chaotic laughter of the marketplace, and the salty scent of the Mediterranean Sea, especially down at the port. “Even the drama of the streets,” she says, “the fighting drivers – I miss it all.”

Both women are now far from home – Dalia in Cairo, Shahd having briefly found refuge in Egypt before continuing her journey to the States. They were forced to flee to a new home, but like many Gazans, their hearts live elsewhere.

Croissants, Smoothies and Knafeh

In the heart of Gaza City stood MAZZAG, famous for its croissants – “the best in Gaza,” Dalia says, with a smile that tells you it’s less about the pastry and more about the memories folded into it.

For Shahd, it was Ristretto Coffee Lab – a cozy, eco-conscious café that served up international dishes like tiramisu. “They even reused coffee grounds and materials and had a very sustainable business model” she recalls. It was a place where she saw her city evolving, despite everything. “Even under siege, we had people innovating, succeeding. The owner was lucky enough to be allowed to travel for educational purposes, and brought back ideas. That meant something to all of us.”

Shahd in a honey shop in Gaza.

After shopping, the ritual was the same for Dalia: a citrusy barrad (smoothie) from Kazem, then dinner at Al Dar – kebabs and mixed grills, always shared. For Shahd, Gaza’s beachfront restaurants were a favorite: Abu Hassira and many more – each serving fresh fish, each with a front-row seat to the sea. One, she noted, sat right next to one of Gaza’s most beautiful mosques, Masjid al-Mina.

This is the Gaza few outsiders knew: full of flavor, full of laughter, full of life.

Dalia's husband shopping for fresh fruits at the market in Gaza.

Fridays Were For Family, Food and the Sea

Friday, the only day off from school, was sacred. For Dalia, it meant hummus from Abu Zahran in the quiet morning, then the mosque, then home for a big family meal. The afternoons were for grandparents. The evenings? Always spent at the sea.

Families would stay until midnight, drinking tea brewed over a wood fire, letting the wind carry away the week’s heaviness. “Everyone knew everyone,” she said. “It always felt like you were among family.”

Dalia and her sons at the beach in Gaza.

Shahd remembers the Old Town of Gaza – its mosques and churches, the gold shops buzzing during Ramadan. Places like Masjid al-Omari, Qasr al-Basha, and the Al Qarara Cultural Museum held layers of history and community pride. Now, most of those sites are gone. Still, in her mind, they stand.

What Was Lost

When asked what they miss most, both women give the same answer without hesitation: home.

But not just a house – a home built with your own hands or your father’s, with tiles you chose, trees you planted, stories told across the threshold. “It’s a connection to your fatherland,” says Dalia. “To be deprived of that – of what you built, what you grew up in – it’s a kind of pain you can’t describe.”

Dalia's sons and husband in their beloved Gaza home.

Shahd, too, describes this ache. Once, in America, she found herself paying $6 for a cup of tea at a Palestinian restaurant. “In Gaza, I never would have done that,” she laughs. “But at that moment, it felt like home. Your need for your identity intensifies when you’re far away from it.”

If They Could Go Back

Dalia, despite all the hardship she went through, can still joke. The first thing she would do is ta3zeel – Arabic for deep cleaning the house. The sad reality is that her house probably is not standing anymore. At least, the last update she had was that it was hit by a blast. 

In fact, Dalia’s first visit back home would be to the cemetery.
She wants to see her father’s grave, to say goodbye – if it’s still there.

“There’s no starting over without closure,” she says. “It will be hard to see the ruins. But it is necessary to end this chapter, start over and move on.”

Shahd’s dream is gentler. “If it were the Gaza I knew, I’d go to the port first,” she says. Then she’d visit her favorite places, call her friends – the ones who are still alive – and gather them for a big meal. “I’d like to apologize to them,” she says softly. “I felt guilty for leaving during such a hard time. So I’d do something meaningful. Teach English. Run activities. Contribute.”

The sense of community in Gaza is unlike what both women have seen anywhere else in the world. A lifeline when things got hard. 

“We needed each other. Pain made us closer,” Shahd explains. “In Gaza, when someone suffered, everyone showed up. That kind of unity… it’s rare. It’s probably the reason we are still so strong.”

A Future Build on Survival

“I want to be realistic when talking about my dreams for Gaza.” says Dalia. “Every family has lost so much. I just want people to have the right to survive. To live.”

Shahd adds: “People always romanticize us or reduce us. Either we’re heroes or we’re threats. But we’re human. We’re suffering. We’re also dreaming.”

Dreaming of studying French.
Of opening bakeries.
Of walking barefoot by the sea.
Of tea shared, stories told, waves crashing gently at the port.

Of silence. No bombs, no trauma, no death – just life.

Language, Memory & Survival

At NaTakallam, we connect people like Dalia and Shahd – displaced but not voiceless – with learners around the world. Through conversation, they share not only their language, but their stories, their culture, their memories of home.

When you speak with someone from Gaza, you’re not just learning Arabic.
You’re learning what it means to carry identity in exile.
You’re learning what resilience sounds like.
You’re learning what it means to hold onto hope.

If you’d like to learn Palestinian Arabic or several other dialects including Modern Standard Arabic while directly supporting displaced people like Shahd and Dalia, NaTakallam’s Language Partners are waiting! Sign up for a free trial and discover the joys of language learning with a private tutor, on your own schedule.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR: Zeina Abou Taha is an intern at NaTakallam, currently transitioning from a career in IT consulting into journalism. With an academic background in Entrepreneurship & Innovation and a passion about exploring the world, Zeina spends her free time traveling, connecting with people from diverse cultures, and writing for her personal blog.

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3 Palestinian Movies to Help You See Beyond the Headlines

Since the outbreak of the Gaza war, global attention has been rightfully fixed on the immense suffering unfolding across Gaza and the West Bank. But at NaTakallam, we also recognize that a place is never defined solely by its pain. Palestine is a land of deep-rooted tradition, vibrant culture, unforgettable food, and powerful art — stories that often get overshadowed by the news cycle.

With the Cannes Film Festival that happened this week — where Palestinian voices and stories were honored — we want to shift the spotlight for a moment. To center art. To celebrate resilience. To show how cinema can be used not just to tell a story, but to preserve identity, challenge narratives, and inspire connection.

Here are three Palestinian films that have made a difference — each a testament to the strength and creativity that continues to thrive even in the harshest of realities.

1. All That’s Left of You – Cherien Dabis

Directed by Palestinian-American filmmaker Cherien Dabis, All That’s Left of You is a sweeping intergenerational drama that spans 75 years of Palestinian history — from the Nakba in 1948 to the First Intifada and beyond. The film centers on Noor, a teenager in Nablus, and traces his family’s experiences of displacement, resistance, and resilience. Dabis, known for her earlier works like Amreeka, both directs and stars in the film, which premiered at the 2025 Sundance Film Festival.

Who holds the rights? Cherien Dabis, in collaboration with producers Thanassis Karathanos, Martin Hampel, and Karim Amer.
Where to watch? The film premiered at the 2025 Sundance Film Festival and is currently seeking distribution. Follow the official film page here for upcoming screenings and eventual digital release dates.

2. Put Your Soul on Your Hand and Walk – Sepideh Farsi

Premiering at this year’s Cannes Film Festival, this short film honors Fatouma Hassouna, a Palestinian filmmaker and photojournalist who was killed during Israel’s attacks on Gaza. Directed by Iranian filmmaker Sepideh Farsi, it’s a tribute to the life, courage, and creativity of one woman — and by extension, so many others whose stories are being silenced.

Who holds the rights? Sepideh Farsi and her production team, in collaboration with the Cannes Festival’s tribute program.
Where to watch? After Cannes in May 2025, the film will likely be available at select festivals and cultural events focusing on Middle Eastern cinema. Keep an eye on Cannes official news for updates.

3. No Other LandBasel Adra, Yuval Abraham, Rachel Szor & Hamdan Ballal

This documentary, co-directed by Palestinian and Israeli filmmakers, showcases the forced displacement of families in Masafer Yatta in the West Bank. It’s raw, personal, and tells the story from the inside — through the eyes of Palestinian Basel Adra, who’s been documenting his community being torn down. The film just won the Panorama Audience Award at Berlinale and is gaining global attention, with an eye on the Oscars.

Who holds the rights? Rights are managed by the filmmakers, with support from the Berlinale Panorama section and associated partners.
Where to watch? No Other Land is currently screening at international festivals. Wider release announcements are expected soon — check their official Instagram for updates and future streaming options.

These films aren’t just stories — they’re acts of preservation. They remind us that even under occupation, even in exile, culture keeps breathing.

At NaTakallam, we see that every day in our Language Sessions. They’re not just about grammar or vocabulary — our interactive classes are spaces where you can talk about everything from food and film to daily life and history, directly with people from Palestine and beyond.

It’s one thing to watch a film. It’s another to talk about it with someone who lives that reality. Through language, we open the door to deeper understanding — and to honoring stories that deserve to be heard.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR: Zeina Abou Taha is an intern at NaTakallam, currently transitioning from a career in IT consulting into journalism. With an academic background in Entrepreneurship & Innovation and a passion about exploring the world, Zeina spends her free time traveling, connecting with people from diverse cultures, and writing for her personal blog.

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give the gift of language

15 Unique and Impactful Gifts for the Holiday Season

This holiday season, spread love and stand out from the crowd with meaningful gifts that transcend borders and bring the world to your loved ones. Go the extra mile (without breaking the bank) by choosing gifts that speak to their senses, curiosity, and wanderlust. Whether you’re shopping for an aspiring home cook, an avid traveler, or a passionate culture enthusiast, here are some thoughtful ideas to create unforgettable gift experiences.

PLUS: Want to purchase with purpose and open up a new world of language and culture? Discover NaTakallam’s own Gift of Language!

Kitchen Gift Set | Sitti x Darzah – This embroidered apron and olivewood utensils set is an ideal gift for a treasured home cook. It brings together centuries-old Palestinian artistic traditions of tatreez (تطريز) or embroidery, handed down from mother to daughter, and of olivewood carving, documented as a specialty of the region as early as the 16th century. While the apron in this gift set is hand-embroidered by women artisans in Bethlehem with a traditional red tatreez olive branch motif, the utensils are crafted from sustainably -sourced olive wood in Palestine.

This kitchen set is a perfect gift for a seasoned chef, aspiring cook, or somebody who needs an extra push to try new recipes and travel through culture and cuisine – Palestinian or another.

Sitti ships worldwide. Shipping rates and times will vary according to items, courier, and location. Free shipping is offered for orders made within Canada and the USA.

image of black dress with red Palestinian embroidery

Inaash sells textile products made by Palestinian women in a refugee camp in Lebanon, thus helping them become economically independent. According to their website, “Since its inception in 1969 Inaash has impacted the lives of over 2,500 women refugees by providing training, income and even early education for their children. It currently supports over 350 women in five camps.” Their garments are decorated with a distinct form of hand embroidery, تطريز (toTriiz), original to Palestine.

Tahdiglover pot | Tahdiglover – Share the joys of a perfectly crispy and delicious tahdig with a fellow Persian food lover with this Tahdiglover pot. Traditionally made of rice, tahdig (ته دیگ) , which translates to “bottom of the pot,”, is considered a Persian “soul food.””. Tahdiglover pot ensures that you always get this dish right! A woman-owned business, the company also works with other small businesses in Iran and the UK to help young people showcase their cooking talent and to make Persian and Middle Eastern cooking more accessible and enjoyable.

The Tahdiglover pot is a creative gift for anyone keen on mastering their Tahdig skills, taking up the challenge of cooking a new cuisine, or accessing new worlds through food and culture.

Based in Los Angeles, USA, Quherencia is an immigrant- and woman-owned business creating jewelry (joyería), diffusers (difusores) and soy-wax candles (velas de cera de soja) delicately adorned with floral and seasonal motifs. Original scents include coffee, cucumber and coconut! New designs come up every week, and the shopper can customize them to their preferences.

Nominal offers more than just jewelry; they craft wearable art that tells your story. Whether it’s their personalized Arabic name necklaces, meaningful calligraphy pieces, or sleek modern designs, each item is a perfect blend of elegance and cultural significance. With Nominal, you’re not just accessorizing; you’re celebrating identity, connection, and style.

Perfect for gifting, every piece is carefully designed to make a statement – whether it’s a heartfelt sentiment, a reminder of home, or a touch of everyday luxury. Treat your loved ones (or yourself!) to timeless treasures that are as unique as the stories they carry. Shop Nominal and wear your story with pride.

Hirbawi Kufiya is the last keffiyeh (Arabic كُوفِيَّة, kufiyya) producer and seller in Palestine. The company manufactures traditional Palestinian scarves, and they offer worldwide shipping. Due to high demand, their products are currently only available for pre-order, but you can sign up with your email address to know when the next restock will be.

Wear the Peace is more than just a clothing brand – it’s a movement for change. With every purchase, you’re not only getting stylish, comfortable apparel but also making a direct impact on the lives of those in need. Their bold designs inspire unity and hope, blending meaningful messages with everyday wear that sparks conversation and action.

Every piece is crafted with love and purpose, from cozy hoodies to statement tees. Plus, Wear the Peace donates a portion of every sale to life-changing causes worldwide. When you shop here, you’re spreading compassion, one outfit at a time. Join the movement – wear peace and share love.

Nol Collective clothing

Nol, نول, is the Arabic word for “loom,” and in keeping with its name, Nöl Collective connects family-owned businesses, artisans and women-owned workshops in Palestine to create garments produced with traditional Palestinian techniques such as weaving, embroidery and fabric dyeing (using natural pigments, of course!) They offer free shipping to the US on orders with up to two items.

Slow Factory is where style meets sustainability and social justice. This innovative brand creates stunning, high-quality apparel and accessories that are as kind to the planet as they are to the people who make them. Each piece is designed with intention, blending artistry and activism to inspire change and raise awareness about pressing global issues.

By shopping at Slow Factory, you’re supporting a mission that goes beyond fashion – you’re helping to champion climate action, human rights, and the circular economy. Their timeless designs are made to last, empowering you to look great while doing good. Dress consciously and join the movement for a better world with Slow Factory.

Nani Handmade is a small business based in Yerevan, Armenia, selling gorgeous hand-painted silk scarves (մետաքսե շարֆեր, metak’se sharfer) recommended by one of NaTakallam’s own Armenian language partners. The creator is just getting started, so to place an order, simply send a message to their Instagram page.

Made Trade redefines gifting with beautifully crafted, sustainable products that make a difference. From handwoven textiles to artisan-made home goods, their collection is a celebration of ethical craftsmanship and timeless design. Every item is curated to reflect transparency, sustainability, and cultural heritage – so you can shop knowing your purchase supports fair wages and planet-friendly practices.

Whether you’re searching for the perfect holiday gift or a thoughtful treat for yourself, Made Trade offers something extraordinary for everyone. Discover goods that feel as good as they look and make every gift one that gives back. Shop Made Trade for consciously crafted treasures!

Preemptive Love is a US-based non-profit operating in multiple areas of the world that are subjected to conflicts, helping the affected population by giving them food and shelter but also work opportunities. The “Refugee Made” section of their shop offers products hand-crafted by refugees (mostly women) living in camps. These products fund the organization’s  peacemaking efforts around the world.

Irik Ceramics is another small business from Armenia, selling ceramics (կերամիկա, keramika) with neutral colors and a minimalistic design that will go well with almost any decorating style. Another language partner recommendation; they accept orders through Instagram direct messaging.

Azmar Jewelry is a small Etsy business creating Kurdish-inspired jewelry traditional motifs. The stones and charms in their creations come from the cities of Slemani and Halabja, in the south of Iraqi Kurdistan, and they ship worldwide. Perfect if you’ve been looking for a new pair of festive-casual earrings (گواره, gwârh) or necklace (ملوانکە, mlwânkeh).

And then, of course, there’s NaTakallam — an award-winning social enterprise that connects language learners with native tutors from refugee backgrounds for personalized online lessons. You can choose from nine languages: Arabic, Armenian, English, French, Kurdish, Persian, Russian, Spanish, and Ukrainian, with language packages to suit any budget. NaTakallam not only offers a unique language and cultural experience for your loved ones but also supports the livelihoods of tutors from displaced backgrounds and their host communities. Find out why this could be the best gift for you.

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Sips of Culture: Summer Drinks from Around the World

The final days of August and the approaching end of summer give us all the more reason to savor the remaining warm days with a refreshing drink in hand! Why not take your seasonal sips a step further with NaTakallam? Explore our favorite summer drinks from the Middle East to Latin America and around the world! Each beverage tells a story of history, culture, and the unique flavors of its homeland. So even as your summer travels wind down, let’s take a delicious journey across the globe, one drink at a time!

1. Jallab

Jallab (Arabic: جلاب) is a beloved summer drink across the Levant – that’s Syria, Palestine, Lebanon, and Jordan. With a distinct floral aroma, this refreshing beverage is made from dates, grape molasses, and rose water, a perfect combination for hot summer days. It’s often served with crushed ice, pine nuts and raisins, and also used to add flavor to ice-cream and yogurt!

Jallab is enjoyed year-round but it also a staple for rehydration during Ramadan.

Ingredients (1 serving):
2 cups cold water
1 ½ tablespoon date syrup
1 ½ tablespoon grape molasses
1 teaspoon rose water
Pine nuts (optional)
Golden raisins (optional)
Crushed ice (optional)

Recipe:
Mix the date syrup and grape molasses with rose water. Add the cold water and stir well. Pour into glasses over crushed ice. Garnish with pine nuts and raisins for a traditional touch. Serve immediately to enjoy chilled.

Love the flavors of the Levant? Explore Levantine culture through language! Start learning Arabic with NaTakallam’s native-speaking tutors from Lebanon, Palestine, Syria, and more.

2. Sharab al-Busfeyr

Summer is synonymous with seasonal fruits, including our favorite: oranges. Made with the juice of Seville oranges (also known as bitter oranges or sour oranges), Sharab al-Busfeyr literally means “the drink of Seville oranges” in Arabic, and offers a sweet and slightly tart way to cool off as we bid farewell to summer.

Around the Arab world, bitter oranges are harvested in the late winter / early spring season. To enjoy this fruit longer, locals preserve it in this syrup form to savor throughout the summer months. In this way, Sharab al-Busfeyr is a seasonal delight that connects people to their land and its fruits.

Ingredients (4 servings):
2 pounds Seville oranges
Sugar (in equal weight to the orange juice)

Recipe:
Firstly, juice the oranges, and then add in an equal weight amount of sugar. Stir the sugar and juice together and repeat frequently throughout the day until the sugar is fully dissolved. You can also use a blender for this process. Do not add any water to the mixture. Once the sugar is dissolved, transfer the syrup into a clean bottle. It is best kept in the fridge to increase its shelf-life to one year.

To drink, mix ¼ part syrup to ¾ parts water – serve with ice if desired!

Did you know, the word for “orange” across languages has one of the most fascinating etymologies? Explore how language connects people in the places you least expect, when you learn with NaTakallam’s Language Partners from conflict-affected backgrounds.

3. Jus de Bissap

Jus de Bissap, literally “hibiscus juice,” is actually an infusion made of dried Roselle Hibiscus flowers, which are commonly sold in markets across many African countries, from Senegal and Ghana to Egypt and Sudan (where the drink is more commonly known as “كركديه” karkadeh in Arabic). Following migration patterns, Bissap and other hibiscus drinks are also popular in many Caribbean countries.

This vibrant red drink is tangy and sweet, often enjoyed cold to combat the intense heat. Bissap is more than just a drink; it’s a symbol of hospitality and is often served at celebrations and gatherings.

Ingredients (6 servings):
2 cups dried hibiscus flowers
1 ½ cups sugar (increase or reduce according to taste)
1 teaspoon orange blossom water
Mint leaves (optional)

Recipe:
Boil the hibiscus flowers in water for 10 minutes. Strain the liquid and stir in the sugar and orange blossom water until dissolved. Allow it to cool, then refrigerate. Serve over ice, with mint leaves for an extra refreshing touch.

Did you know that French is the second most geographically widespread language in the world (after English) and is spoken on all continents? In fact, Africa is home to more French speakers than any other continent! Connect with the global Francophone community when you learn French with NaTakallam’s instructors.

4. Ayran

Ayran is a traditional yogurt-based drink popular amongst Kurdish, Persian, Turkish and more communities spanning from Central Asia to Eastern Europe. This simple yet refreshing beverage is made by mixing yogurt with water and salt, resulting in a hydrating drink perfect for the hottest of summer days. Containing a healthy dose of protein and electrolytes, Ayran is enjoyed both with meals and as a stand-alone drink to quench your thirst.

Ingredients (1 serving):
1 cup plain, whole milk, strained yogurt
½ cup cold water
A pinch of salt
Mint leaves (optional)
Ice cubes (optional)

Recipe:
Mix the yogurt with water and a pinch of salt. Shake vigorously to make it as frothy as possible. Pour into a glass over ice cubes if desired. Garnish with mint leaves, and serve chilled for a cooling and nutritious drink.

Now that your glass is (hopefully) full (with Ayran), explore the many flavors, dialects and scripts of the Kurdish language with NaTakallam’s native Language Partners!

5. Doogh

Doogh is a Persian yogurt-based drink similar to Ayran, but unlike Ayran, Doogh is fermented, often carbonated, and can also be infused with additional herbs and flavorings (e.g. mint, dried rose petals, ground black pepper). Known for its cooling properties and as a source of probiotics, it is often paired with kebabs and other rich dishes that have a naturally “heaty” profile (from the use of earthy spices in local food).

While the recipe below offers a simple way to prepare Doogh today, the traditional method of preparation takes multiple days! First, milk and yogurt are mixed in a specific ratio until smooth. This mixture is gently heated until uniformly warm, then salt is stirred in, and the mixture is placed in a closed container to ferment for 3-4 days. It is this fermentation process that gives Doogh its natural savory flavor and fizz!

Ingredients (4 servings):
2 cups plain, whole milk yogurt
2 cups sparkling water
½ cup mint leaves
1 teaspoon salt
1 tablespoon dried rose petals (optional)
Ice cubes (optional)

Recipe:
Blend the yogurt, mint leaves, salt and rose petals in a blender. Pour in club soda and mix with a wooden spoon, scraping down sides of the blender, until everything is incorporated. Serve Doogh in iced-filled glasses, garnished with mint if desired.

If you’re inspired by these Persian flavors, discover more about the colorful culture through its language. Start learning Persian with NaTakallam’s tutors and uncover the stories behind drinks like Doogh and more.

6. Papelón con Limón

Papelón con Limón is one of the oldest and most popular beverages in Venezuela! Simply made from unrefined sugar cane (also known as “piloncillo” or “panela” in Spanish), lime juice and water, Papelón con Limón is an easy and tasty way to freshen up on a summer day.

Ingredients (4 servings):
8 ounces papelón (unrefined cane sugar)
½ cup freshly squeezed lime juice
4 cups hot water
4 cups cold water
Ice cubes (optional)

Recipe:
Pour hot water over the unrefined cane sugar. After it has dissolved and cooled off, add the lime juice and cold water, and stir well. Serve with ice cubes. ¡Salud!

As far back as the 18th century, Papelón con Limón was a favorite among field workers for its high nutritional value. This now-classic drink won over the love of successive generations, and is a part of the heart and soul of Venezuelan culinary culture, offering a glimpse into the history and indigenous flavors of the region. Learn more about the rhythms of Venezuelan life through learning Spanish with NaTakallam’s native-speaking tutors.

7. Agua de Limón con Chia

Long before chia seeds became a health trend, they were a staple food for the Mayans and Aztecs. Agua de Limón con Chia is lime juice with chia seeds, which swell in water to create a cooling, slightly gelatinous texture. A perfect thirst-quencher on hot summer days!

Ingredients (5 servings):
3 large limes
¼ cup chia seeds
4 cups water
½ cup sugar (increase or decrease according to taste)
Ice cubes (optional)

Recipe:
Pre-soak the chia seeds in 2 cups of water until gelatinous. Squeeze the juice from the limes into a pitcher, and whisk in the soaked chia seeds, remaining water, and sugar to taste. Stir well and serve over ice cubes if desired.

From ancient wisdom to today’s vibrant traditions, immerse yourself in the language and culture of Latin America with NaTakallam’s native tutors.

8. Kompot

Kompot is a traditional drink in Eastern Europe, made by simmering fresh or dried fruits with sugar. It can be enjoyed hot or cold, but in the summer, it’s served chilled, offering a sweet and fruity refreshment. A staple in Slavic households, Kompot is often prepared in large batches and enjoyed throughout the day.

Ingredients (4 servings):
6 cups chopped organic fruits (apples, apricots, peaches, plums, berries, cherries etc.)
4 cups water
4 tablespoons sugar

Recipe:
Combine the fruits and water in a large pot. Bring to a boil, then simmer for 15 minutes. Turn off the heat and stir in the sugar. Allow the compote to cool for a minimum of 2 hours (or maximum overnight in the fridge). As it cools, the flavors will infuse and intensify. You can then serve chilled, choosing whether or not to strain the fruits! (Strained fruits can be cooked to purées.)

The Kompot drink is related to the broader European concept of fruit “compote,” which is French for “stewed fruit.” This beverage is designed to use any surplus of summer fruit, as well as fruit that may be bruised or overripe, reflecting the creativity of local communities to ensure no food is wasted! Gain insight to native Slavic practices when you connect with NaTakallam’s bilingual UkrainianRussian Language Partners.

From the tangy kick of Jallab to the sweet comfort of Kompot, each sip of these summer drinks offers a delicious glimpse into diverse cultures, rich histories and communal traditions. Why not take your cultural exploration one step further? Sign up for NaTakallam’s language sessions today and connect with the communities that make these drinks so special!

Whether you’re interested in Arabic, Armenian, French, Kurdish, Persian, Russian, Spanish, or Ukrainian, our native-speaking Language Partners are here to guide you on your linguistic journey.

Start learning today and bring the world to your doorstep!

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15 Powerful Works by Palestinian Women You Must Read

Palestine has a long, rich and vibrant tradition of literature with incredible writers who have contributed to Palestinian identity, culture and the quest for freedom through their works. Among the voices that bring these narratives to life, Palestinian women offer unique perspectives, but often get overlooked in conversations about Palestinian literature.

You might already be familiar with Mahmoud Darwish, Edward Said, and Mohammed El-Kurd – here are 15 books by Palestinian women writers to add to your reading list.

Looking for Palestine: Growing Up Confused in an Arab-American Family (2013) by Najla Said

A poignant memoir of the daughter of a prominent Palestinian father and a sophisticated Lebanese mother growing up in New York City. Looking for Palestine explores the complexities of identity, belonging and growing up between two worlds. With candid emotion, Said recounts her struggles with self-image, cultural identity, and her quest to find a place where she truly feels at home.

Salt Houses (2017) by Hala Alyan

In her debut novel, Alyan humanizes the conflicts you may have heard of in headlines, through the story of a Palestinian family that is uprooted by the Six-Day War of 1967 and Saddam Hussein’s invasion of Kuwait in 1990. Salt Houses follows the Yacoub family over three generations, from Nablus to Kuwait City to Beirut, Paris, Boston, and beyond. As its characters struggle with the meaning of home in the face of perpetual displacement, readers are reminded of the way the Nakba and colonialism more broadly have shaped the history, present and future of the Palestinian people.

Amreekiya (2018) by Lena Mahmoud

A compelling exploration of identity and belonging, Amreekiya tells the story of Isra, a young Palestinian-American woman navigating the challenges between cultures and trying to define herself. The novel is an interesting look at what it means to straddle two worlds, and the journey to find one’s place within them.

A Woman is No Man (2019) by Etaf Rum

Rum’s debut novel A Woman Is No Man takes us inside the lives of an Arab family living in America. The story follows Isra, a Palestinian girl who moves to Brooklyn after an arranged marriage, and her daughter Deya. While separated by a generation, the mother and daughter both navigate the challenging dynamics of identity, autonomy, and gender expectations, revealing the painful sacrifices and silent rebellions of women bound by societal norms.

Mornings in Jenin (2010) and Against the Loveless World (2020) by Susan Abulhawa

Mornings in Jenin is a heart-wrenching story of displacement, resilience, and the deep roots of family. Amal is born in the refugee camp of Jenin. Her family is trying to survive the trauma of being forced out of their home in the olive-farming village of Ayn Hawd in 1948, the abduction of her brother as a baby, and forging their place in a world that continually marginalizes them.

Winner of the Arab American Book Award for 2021, Against the Loveless World follows Nahr, a Palestinian woman, who narrates her story from a solitary confinement cell. Tracing her life from Kuwait to Jordan, then to Palestine and finally to an Israeli prison, she navigates the brutalities of living in exile and under occupation. Through Nahr’s eyes, we see the impact of war on individual lives and the unyielding spirit of resistance against oppression.

You Exist Too Much (2020) by Zaina Arafat

Arafat’s protagonist is a young Palestinian-American woman caught between cultural, religious, and sexual identities. Through her story the reader is asked to reckon with the similarities between our individual traumas and the divisions of the places that have formed us. You Exist Too Much addresses two of the most human longings: for love, and a place to call home.

In My Mother’s Footsteps: A Palestinian Refugee Returns Home (2021) by Mona Hajjar Halaby

“‘Refugees are like seeds that scatter in the wind, and land in different soils that become their reluctant homes’ my mother once told me.”

Mona had only experienced Palestine through her mother’s memories. So when she moved from California to Ramallah for a year of teaching, the journey became one of personal rediscovery. Her memoir is an intimate account of daily life in a militarized, occupied Palestinian town, and the deep-seated ties that bind diasporic Palestinians to their roots.

The women of Ramallah have long played a key role in pioneering feminism, women’s rights and the importance of education within their community.

My First and Only Love (2021) by Sahar Khalifeh (translated by Aida Bamia)

In the final days of the British Mandate, Nidal returns to her family home in Nablus, where she meets a love she thought she had lost. Exploring themes of nostalgia, national identity, and the enduring power of first love, Khalifeh beautifully captures the intersection of individual stories in historical events with a strong feminist voice

The book was originally written and published in Arabic with the title “حبي الأول” (Hubbi al-Awal; My First Love).

The Beauty of Your Face (2021) by Sahar Mustafah

In the Chicago suburbs, a gunman opens fire at a school. Afaf Rahman, the school principal and daughter of Palestinian immigrants, sees her past and present converge as she reconciles with the impact of violence on personal growth and community. Mustafah pens a story of our shared humanity in one of the New York Times’ 100 Notable Books for 2020.

You Can Be the Last Leaf: Selected Poems (2022) by Maya Abu Al-Hayyat (translated by Fady Joudah)

“those who win by killing fewer children / are losers.”

This collection of poems by Maya Abu Al-Hayyat offers insight to the everyday realities of life in Palestine, woven with themes of love, loss, and longing. Abu Al-Hayyat’s voice is both tender and bold, capturing the human spirit amidst ongoing conflict. This translation of her works by poet Fady Joudah challenges a wider audience to develop a deeper understanding of Palestinian existence.

They Called Me a Lioness: A Palestinian Girl’s Fight for Freedom (2022) by Ahed Tamimi and Dena Takruri

“What would you do if you grew up seeing your home repeatedly raided? Your parents arrested? Your mother shot? Your uncle killed? Try, for just a moment, to imagine that this was your life. How would you want the world to react?”

Ahed Tamimi is a Palestinian activist who came of age participating in nonviolent demonstrations. She became an international icon when she was jailed at 16 after a confrontation with Israeli soldiers. Co-authored with journalist Dena Takruri, this memoir details the daily indignities of occupation, the powerful role of youth, and the humanity of people struggling for freedom around the world.

Dear God, Dear Bones, Dear Yellow (2022) by Noor Hindi

What does it mean to bear witness through writing? Hindi’s poems explore identity, grief, and survival through the intersections of nationality, colonialism, and personal trauma. Hindi’s poignant verses present a profound commentary on the struggles of being heard in a fragmented world.

Read more about how poetry is giving voice to Gaza’s youth.

Enter Ghost (2023) by Isabella Hammad

Award winning British-Palestinian author Isabella Hammad’s new novel follows actress Sonia Nasir as she returns to her family home of Haifa in Palestine. Initially simply visiting her older sister, she ends up taking the role of Gertrude in an Arabic-language West Bank production of Hamlet. This is an unforgettable story of artistry in the face of conflict.

Behind You Is the Sea (2024) by Susan Muaddi Darraj

A workaholic lawyer finds unexpected love; a young college student moves in with her traditional grandparents; a cop returns his estranged father’s body to Palestine for burial. Funny and touching, Behind You Is the Sea gives voice to the diverse residents of a Palestinian-American community in Baltimore. Through the lives of three families – the Baladis, the Salamehs, and the Ammars – Darraj transcends politics to break stereotypes and present the uniquely human experience of Palestinians with nuance.

As a social enterprise led by women, NaTakallam has always made it a point to highlight women’s stories from around the world. It is through these stories that we can forge connections that transcend geographical and cultural boundaries.

As you delve into the stories of Palestinian women, why not further your exploration by learning the language that carries their voices? NaTakallam offers unique Arabic language learning that pairs learners with native-speaking tutors from conflict-affected communities. Sign up for our Integrated Arabic Curriculum or Arabic language sessions (in 6+ dialects, including Palestinian) today.

15 Powerful Works by Palestinian Women You Must Read Read More »

The Hidden Languages of Flowers

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As spring unfolds, the fragrant beauty of the season draws us in. We take walks in nature. For the more ambitious, we plant gardens. For the less ambitious, we carefully select bouquets to brighten our living spaces. But flowers are much more than merely decorative. For centuries, cultures around the world have looked to flowers, and their significance is far-reaching. Flowers are sacred. Flowers are inspiration. Flowers are hope. This spring, let’s take a brief botanical tour and explore the many languages of flowers in different cultures.

 

Armenia and the Forget-Me-Not

անմոռուկ [anmoṙuk]

The Armenian Genocide of 1915 – known by Armenians as Medz Yeghern (the great crime) or Aghet (catastrophe) –  resulted in the deaths of as many as 1.2 million Armenians. In 2015, the purple forget-me-not flower or anmoṙuk (անմոռուկ) became the official emblem in observance of the Armenian genocide. The black center of the flower represents the dark past while the light purple petals represent the unity of today’s Armenian communities worldwide. Five dark purple petals paint the future and illustrate the five continents where Armenian genocide survivors resettled. Finally, the golden inner area symbolizes light and hope. And it’s not just flowers that shed light on the hope that runs through Armenian culture – learn more about it and discover the richness of Armenian folk dances to dig deeper.

 

Egypt and the Blue Lotus

نيلوفَر [nilufar] 

Once scattered along the shores of the Nile River in Ancient Egypt, the blue lotus is known by many names, including the blue water lily and the sacred lily. The ancient roots of the lotus flower or nilufar (نيلوفر) are unmistakable, as it is frequently depicted on tomb walls and other ancient Egyptian artwork. The blue lotus even appears on King Tutankhamen’s tomb! This flower is also associated with numerous Egyptian deities, such as Osiris and Ra. Additionally, the flower has psychoactive properties and was once used to treat insomnia and anxiety. Truly, many flowers have a special place in the Arabic language. For example, moonflower or ya [q]amar (يا قمر) has long been used as a romantic term of endearment.

 

France and Lavender 

lavande 

Lavender has long been lauded for its homeopathic benefits. The harvesting of lavender in Provence (a region in the south of France, particularly known for its fields of lavender) is a source of regional pride and centuries-long tradition. Small farms harvest the crop for use in perfumes, oils, soaps, and more. If you find yourself in France between mid-June and mid-August, it is well worth your while to visit a lavender field in full bloom. From Les Lavandes de Champelle in the hilltop town of Sault to the sacred silence of Abbaye Notre-Dame de Sénanque, experience une rêverie mémorable

 

Iran and the Damask Rose

گل محمدی [gol-e Mohammadi] or گل سرخ [gol-e sorkh]

From perfume to medicine, rose water has many uses. Iran’s annual Rose Water Festival in Kashan attracts visitors from Iran and the world over. Named for the Syrian city of Damascus where Europeans stumbled across the flower during the Middle Ages, this flower is thought to have its origins in central Asia and Iran. Thus, the flower holds a special place in Persian culture. Every spring the Kashan county of Iran is blanketed in soft, velvety roses. During the festival, thousands of pounds of gol Mohammadi (گل محمدی) or Mohammadi rose are picked to distill into rose water. The centuries-old distillery process known as golab-giri involves boiling the rose petals for hours in copper pots. So, whether you wish to soothe a sore throat or sample the Persian sweet faloodeh, this festival is not to be missed. Planning to attend? Learn how to introduce yourself and start with ‘hello’.

 

Palestine and the Poppy

شقائق النعمان  [shaqeeqah an-nu’mān]

A national flower of Palestine, the poppy or shaqeeqah an-nu’mān (شقيقة النعمان) grows abundantly in fields during the springtime. Not surprisingly, it represents the relationship between Palestinians and their land. Additionally, this flower is steeped in history, signifying bloodshed from wars. As a result, the poppy appears frequently in Palestinian art and literature. Flowers and other nature-inspired motifs are also on display in Palestinian embroidery work or تطريز (taTriiz). Now more than ever, the poppy takes on special significance. On December 15th, artists and activists created an installation of more than 20,000 red paper poppies in front of the New York Stock Exchange, each poppy laid in remembrance of a Palestinian life lost. 

 

Russia and Lily of the Valley

Ландыш [landysh]

Lily of the Valley or landysh (Ландыш) was a favorite flower of Tsarina Alexandra Feodorovna. In fact, Feodorovna and Nicholas II once gifted Queen Alexandra a Lily of the Valley Fabergé egg cast in gold, and embedded with diamonds and pearls. The flower is also found in the Russian legend of Sadko when Lilies of the Valley grew out of tears shed by his spurned lover the sea princess Volkhova. This legend is depicted in the 1898 opera Sadko by Rimsky- Korsakov. Want to learn more about Russia’s rich cultural history? Try a language lesson with one of our native instructors for free!  

 

Kurdistan and the Daffodil

nergiz

The daffodil or nergiz can be found spilling from the streets of the Kurdistan region every January through April. This cheerful yellow and white flower is a symbol of spring and is an important part of the Kurdish holiday of Newroz, which is the Kurdish New Year. Friends and family enjoy gifting these flowers to their loved ones. In this way, the daffodil, which is also a symbol of Kurdish nationalism, is a token of one’s affection. It’s no wonder that this flower features prominently in traditional Kurdish clothing, as well as traditional Kurdish tattooing or deq.

 

Ukraine and the Sunflower

Соняшник [soniashnyk]

Sunflowers – or soniashnyk in Ukrainian – have grown in Ukraine since the mid-18th century. The pervasiveness of the sunflower is undeniable. From sunflower seeds as a popular snack to profitable sunflower oil exports, the sunflower has become an unofficial national symbol. Most significantly, it has been a longstanding symbol of peace. When Ukraine gave up nuclear weapons in 1996, sunflowers were planted in celebration at the Pervomaysk missile base. 

 

Venezuela and the Orchid

Flor de Mayo

Also known as Flor de Mayo, the orchid is the national flower of Venezuela. In fact, this flower actually inspired the construction of Venezuela’s pavilion at the 2000 World Fair Expo in Hanover. Venezuelan architect Frutas Vivo designed The Flor de Venezuela or the Flor de Hanover. The structure consists of 16 huge petals that open and close. (Each petal measures at least 33 feet or 10 meters long!) After the Expo, the famed Flor was moved in stages to Barquisimeto in northwest Venezuela. Want to delve deeper? Try a Refugee Voices session with our Venezuelan Language Partners.

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Courage In The Impossible: Gaza’s Poets Speak

Poets from every culture and continent were honored earlier this spring on World Poetry Day. Now as April unfolds, Americans enjoy National Poetry Month. It is a time to celebrate poets, but it is also a time to raise your voice. For the poets of Gaza, the need to be heard has never been greater. Over the past six months, tens of thousands of Palestinian civilians have been killed. For many, poetry has provided an escape. 18-year-old poet Nadine Murtaja took up the pen to mourn her homeland: “But here where I live, and breathe, life wears its black dress constantly.” Other young poets of Gaza also cling to the balm of the written word. 22-year-old Maha Jaraba shared: “The only thing that relieves us from the troubles of war is poetry.” 

Poetry as Solace in Gaza

Murtaja and Jaraba are both members of the Gaza Poets Society, a spoken word poetry group formed in 2018 by Mohammed Moussa. Moussa saw a need for poets in his homeland to gather because “life here is poetry blown into pieces and scattered all over the place.” Because poetry is not only a form of escape, it is a form of resistance. In fact, renowned Palestinian poet Mahmoud Darwish wrote that “every beautiful poem is an act of resistance.” Unfortunately, many poets have been targeted by occupation forces for speaking up and speaking out. 

On November 20th, Mosab Abu Toha was arrested when fleeing Northern Gaza and heading south toward the Rafah crossing. Mosab Abu Toha is the founder of Gaza’s Edward Said library and the award-winning author of Things You May Find Hidden in My Ear: Poems from Gaza. While Toha was eventually released, the harrowing experience stirred feelings that could only be expressed through poetry. As Toha wrote: “A poem is not just words placed on a line. It’s a cloth. Mahmoud Darwish wanted to build his home, his exile, from all the words in the world. I weave my poems with my veins. I want to build a poem like a solid home, but hopefully not with my bones.” When Toha finally reached Egypt, he arrived with only one book in hand: a weathered copy of his poetry collection.

“I Grant You Refuge” by Palestinian poet, novelist, and teacher, Hiba Abu Nada, was written on October 10th and is among the last pieces she composed before being martyred by an Israeli airstrike on October 20th. Read the full text with translation by Huda Fakhreddine here.

Palestinians Speak, The World Listens

To the poets of Gaza: The world is listening. As of December 2023, #palestinianpoetry had more than 206,500 views on TikTok and #mahmouddarwishpoetry had 17.8 million views. At the Boston Coalition for Palestine on December 17th, demonstrators calling for a permanent ceasefire decorated white kites adorned with lines by Refaat Alareer, a Palestinian poet killed by an Israeli airstrike. His lasting plea? “If I must die/ you must live/ to tell my story”. And indeed, the story lives on. From online poetry forums to in-person events and readings, thousands of dollars have been raised by the power of the written word. In London, Out-Spoken Press organized a virtual event called “Poets for Palestine,” which ended up raising nearly £25,000 for Medical Aid for Palestinians. 

In Arabic, the word for poetry is شعر (shi3r), which also means “to feel.” As the violence in Gaza continues and hearts are rubbed raw, it is no surprise that the Gaza Poets Society continues to pour forth. With nearly 27,000 followers on Instagram, the message is clear: This broken world needs poetry.

Want to experience the beauty of Arabic poetry or discover new Palestinian voices? Book a session with one of NaTakallam’s native language tutors! Choose from Modern Standard Arabic and local dialects: Levantine (spoken in and taught by language partners from Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine, and Syria), Lebanese, Palestinian, Egyptian, Iraqi and Yemeni. 

ABOUT THE AUTHOR: Emily Reid Green is a content writing intern with NaTakallam. She has spent nearly two decades in education as an English teacher. In her spare time, Emily enjoys reading, singing and studying languages. 

Courage In The Impossible: Gaza’s Poets Speak Read More »

woman displaying a sign reading "jin, jiyan, azadi" or "woman life freedom" in Kurdish

The Kurdish Roots of “Woman, Life, Freedom”

Since the start of the ongoing Mahsa Amini Protests, which began in Iran in September 2022 after the murder of Jina Mahsa Amini at the hands of the Morality Police for not wearing her veil properly in public, we’ve heard the slogan “Woman, Life, Freedom” travel around the world. In Persian this is “zan, zendegî, âzâdî” (زن, زندگی, آزادی), but the slogan originates in the Kurdish language and the Kurdish struggle for autonomy.

The fight for women’s rights has long been intertwined with the Kurdish independence movement. The Kurdistan Free Women’s Union was established in 1995, and in the same year the Kurdish Workers’ Party (PKK), which had been co-founded in 1978 by a woman, Sakine Cansız, decided to promote the establishment of more independent female political, cultural, and economic organizations. These establishments were part of broader trends in Kurdish society and the liberalization of  Kurdish views on women’s roles. Abdullah Öcalan, also a co-founder of the PKK, theorized that the subjugation of women is the root of all other types of oppression and that society cannot exist in freedom unless women are free.

woman displaying a sign reading "jin, jiyan, azadi" or "woman life freedom" in Kurdish

In 1998, on International Women’s Day, the “Ideology of Women’s Liberation” was presented (possibly by Öcalan, though this is disputed) as a list of principles for women to follow in their emancipation battle. It stated that women had to break free not only from old social roles and the attitude that supported them, but also from total autonomy and self-organization. The Kurmanji Kurdish slogan “jîn, jîyan, azadî” started to become popular just a few years later. Its exact origins remain obscure, but it appeared after the arrest of Öcalan and the Kurdish independence leaders’ decisions to prioritize women’s rights as part of their movement.

​​In 2012, after the outbreak of the Syrian Civil War, Syrian Kurds established an autonomous government that platformed, among other planks, women’s liberation. The Syrian Women’s Protection Units engaged in combat against ISIS, while women’s civilian organizations continued to address patriarchal attitudes. As more territory was liberated from ISIS control, women from various non-Kurdish communities joined in the movement. They not only participated in the Autonomous Administration’s women’s institutions but also established their own organizations to cater to their specific needs. This bringing together of women across ethnic and religious lines showcased the universalist potential of the Kurdish women’s movement.

It is the history of this Kurdish women’s resistance tradition that has led Iranian Kurdish women to play a leading role in the ongoing Iranian protest movement, which was sparked by the murder of Jina Mahsa Amini, herself a Kurdish woman, but fueled by the desire to demonstrate against the Iranian regime. The slogan “jîn, jîyan, azadî” soon became the rallying cry of these protests, a reference to Amini’s Kurdish origins, and Persian speakers quickly picked it up, translating it to “zan, zendegî, âzâdî.” Although other slogans started circulating, “zan, zendegî, âzâdî” became the most popular one, thanks to social media and the efforts of the Iranian youth in spreading it outside Iranian and Kurdish borders. A notable example is the song “Barâye…” (برای”, “for”) by Shervin Hajipour, composed of various tweets explaining why people were protesting, or the anthem “Sorôde Zan” (“سرود زن”, “Women’s Hymn”) written by Mehdi Yarrahi. Both of these songwriters have since been arrested and sentenced to prison.

This slogan has now been translated into many languages, as people worldwide have shown solidarity for the cause and begun protesting against the current Iranian government. According to the scholar Handan Çağlayan, “the slogan is attractive for its spelling and rhythm and significant for its connotations.” Jîn and jîyan are two closely related words, but jîn in this case should not signify a glorification of womanhood; rather it means “claiming and supporting womanhood as a valuable identity independent of manhood.” Jîyan symbolizes the right to life, and azadî, the right to freedom, “symbolizing the mutuality between womanhood and Kurdishness in women’s political participation.”


Catalan government leaders hold a minute of silence for Mahsa Amini and all victims of gender-based violence outside the Barcelona City Hall beneath a sign that reads "woman, life, freedom" in Catalan and Persian.
Catalan government leaders hold a minute of silence for Mahsa Amini and all victims of gender-based violence outside the Barcelona City Hall beneath a sign that reads “woman, life, freedom” in Catalan and Persian.

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romantic couple with guitar

Love Songs from Across the World

romantic couple with guitar
Photo by Andres Ayrton
Arabic

Fairuz, the most celebrated singer in Lebanese history and arguably one of the most iconic singers in the entire Arab world, offers such a plethora of haunting love songs that it’s hard to pick one, but we’d like to recommend one of the happier ones: “قمرة يا قمرة” (‘amara ya ‘amara), “Moon O Moon.” The lyrics and translation are in the video, or you can read them here.

Armenian

Յարը մարդուն յարա կուտա” (yareh mardu yara kuta), which means “The Lover Gives the Person Pain.” A classic Armenian love song that’s been remade a number of times. Click on the title for the version by Alla Levonyan, or try the version by Haig Yazdjian. Click here for the lyrics and a translation into English.

French

Congolese singer-songwriter Lokua Kanza is something of a polyglot, singing in six different languages. A beautiful and uplifting early example of his work is “C’est ma terre,” “It’s My Land.” Lyrics and translation are available here.

Kurdish

“Dil Kuştiyê” or “Broken Heart” was originally written by Mihemed Şêxo, and you can hear his classic version of it here. Like any classic hit, it’s been made and remade, such as this version by Diljen Ronî. See the text accompanying that second video for the lyrics, and let us know if you come across the English translation anywhere! (In the meantime, check with your Kurdish Language Partner for anything you don’t understand.)

Persian

Googoosh, a Persian diva who’s been singing since the 1970s, offers a live performance of “غریب آشنا” (gharibe ashena), meaning “Familiar Stranger.” You can view the lyrics here, and scroll to the very bottom for the English translation.

Russian

Kazakh rapper Jah Khalib sings in Russian and is one of the most popular singers across the former Soviet Union; he has made his home in Kyiv since 2019. “Лейла” or “Leila” is a relatively recent hit, and you can read the lyrics here.

Spanish

Everyone knows Colombian singer Shakira, but how many of her songs can you sing in their original language? “Whenever, Wherever,” the English version of her hit “Suerte,” is far from an exact translation. Check out the lyrics to see what changed.

Ukrainian

Rock band Okean Elzy formed in 1994 in Lviv and has been playing ever since. In their heartbreaking hit Obijmy, the singer turns to his lover for comfort in the midst of war. Lyrics and translation are here.

Got a favorite love song in a NaTakallam language? Comment and let us know? And if you prefer Spotify, we’ve collected most of these songs on a playlist there too. Pop on those headphones, prop up your feet, and put your cares behind you for a few minutes.

Love Songs from Across the World Read More »

deq, the art of Kurdish tattooing

Deq: The Art of Kurdish Tattooing

examples of deq, the art of Kurdish tattooing, with symbols inspired by nature

Tattoos and other forms of body art are a type of cultural expression shared by many communities across the world, but many of these unique cultural traditions are in danger of being lost to time and cultural hegemony. Across the Middle East and North African regions there is a rich tapestry of tattoo traditions, dating back thousands of years: Kurds, Turkmen, Arabs and nomadic tribes living in Eastern Anatolia wear them, as do Arab and Amazigh women living in Tunisia, Algeria and Morocco. “Deq” is the art of Kurdish tattooing.

One Woman Takes Up the Ancient Art

woman applies Kurdish deq
Elu works on a client.

Elu is a tattoo artist and a Zaza Alevi Kurdish diaspora woman from Dersim, in northern Kurdistan, eastern Turkey. She is one of the very few tattoo artists committed to keeping the art of traditional Kurdish tattooing, known as deq or xal, alive for another generation. Deq is the Kurdish word for “tattoo,” but the word has come to refer specifically to tattoos in the Kurdish style. I had the pleasure of interviewing Elu to learn more about this centuries-old tradition.

Elu entered the tattoo world by doing machine tattoos, but while traveling in Thailand she learned about Sak Yant, a sacred form of hand-poked tattooing done by Buddhists in southeast Asia. Inspired, she started hand-poking tattoos herself.  “As I was researching traditional skin markings around the world, I wondered if Kurdish people had any tattoo traditions, as I didn’t grow up seeing them in the diaspora (awaretî, derbiderî or sirgûn). Through an online search I came across deq and immediately found myself mirrored in it,” she says. “Later I found out my great-grandmother, whom I never got to meet but thank my path for, also had deq on her face.”

An Artistic Heritage of Women

There are many factors that make deq different from other forms of tattooing. First of all, the ink for deq is traditionally prepared with a mixture of soot and breast milk from a woman (jin) who has given birth to a girl (keç). It can also be made from a mixture of herbs and animal intestines. The tattoo itself is created by piercing the skin with a needle (derzî) that has been covered with the ink. Secondly, deq is traditionally done on women by women, on various areas of their body, such as the hands, breasts or even the face. Tattoos on men used to be rare, but this has changed: the younger generation is interested in keeping the deq tradition alive regardless of gender.

Kurdish tattooing
All photos in this article are examples of Elu’s work.

Tattooing is often done at a young age. Usually mothers or other women in the community tattoo their children (mindal or zarok), but sometimes kids try to tattoo themselves, mimicking the designs of their elders. As a result, traditional tattoo art endures across successive generations, evolving into a valued cultural heritage (kelepûr).

Kurdish tattooing

The symbols and patterns people choose to tattoo on their bodies are deeply inspired by nature and daily life. Common symbols include: the sun (roj), moon (heyv), and stars (stêrin); animals (ajel or lawir) like gazelle (xezal), birds and snakes (marin); plants (rewik); and daily life objects such as scissors (meqes or cawbirr), spindles and dolls (bûkoke). Lines and crosses are also common motifs and they can also be used to combine multiple drawings. And each symbol can have multiple meanings depending on the region, cultural background and individual desire.

People mark their bodies with deq for different reasons: some women believe their deq is a sign of beauty; others believe that deq has healing powers (tattooing dots on the side of the forehead can help against headaches, for instance); while others get tattoos for protection — for example, women may get them to ensure a safe pregnancy. They can also be an expression of nobility, pride, faith or belonging to a specific lineage — or simply of being in an exceptionally good physical state. Overall, deq is deeply rooted in spirituality, but it’s also a symbol of heritage and cultural pride.

Kurdish tattooing

From One Generation to the Next

When asked what deq means for Kurdish people, Elu says: “Nowadays, deq has become a cultural tool to build bridges between generations and over geographic distances. Some people mark the same deq as their mother (or dayik), grandmother (pîrik) or great-grandparents have, and others do it to create a bond with their culture and identity. While there are many personal reasons why Kurdish people practice deq, there is a collective desire to reclaim this almost-vanished tradition as a form of self-identification.”

deq on a Yazidi family

Elu mentions that the placement of the tattoo is also important. “The placement can also determine the meaning, which can be determined collectively or by the individual. A dot, for instance, can have a personal meaning for every individual.” She showed me an example of a Yazidi family without a gap between the generations practicing deq. All the children have received the same dot as their mother.

Unfortunately, deq remains an endangered tradition (kevneşopî). Over the years, fewer and fewer people have been practicing deq. It has even become frowned upon, and women may be averse to showing their tattoos or to talking about them. Religion (ol) could be one of the possible reasons: Islam, the dominant religion of the region, often forbids body modifications that are not done for medical reasons, and belief in any kind of spirituality apart from God is forbidden. Another reason could be the desire, or sometimes the necessity, for Kurds to assimilate into a mostly non-Kurdish society.

Elu, however, remains optimistic. When I asked her what could be done to prevent this art form from dying out, she replied: “The continuation is the biggest factor in saving this tradition from disappearing. I am sure we are currently experiencing and witnessing the renaissance of this tradition, especially through the Kurdish diaspora community (civaka derbiderî ya Kurd). Many more tattoo artists are beginning to mark deq again.”

Kurdish tattooing

However, she is also quick to add: “The tradition needs active practice as well as preservation in order not to be watered down into remains of what it once was. Therefore, a lot more research, documentation and archival work is needed. I truly hope to contribute to this with my work, as I truly believe in the power of ink, on skin as well as on paper.”

To look at and support Elu’s work, please visit her Instagram page.

Kurdish tattooing

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